Writing Homework 3
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Writing Homework 3
Read Ocean Manufacturing, Inc.
,
Flash Technologies, Inc., Phar-Mor, Inc.
Answer the following questions.
1.
In your own words, summarize the financial accounting/reporting risks of Flash Technology.
2.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of having the same CPA firm provide both auditing and consulting services? 3.
If you had the opportunity to interview Rita Crundwell, what would you ask her and
why? 2. Should the external auditors have been able to identify the false invoices? 3.
What was the most shocking piece of evidence you learned about the Crundwell case?
Instructions:
Please submit the writing homework via Canvas. The assignments are meant to challenge your critical thinking, problem solving, and knowledge on audit rule(s)/standard(s) in the context of specific problems facing the (internal and external) auditing industry. Students are expected to provide primary accounting/auditing issues of each case relate them to the guidance of audit standards/rules and demonstrate individual decisions/stances for each specific situation. You may
need to search from supplemental readings to better understand the related professional/audit standards. To receive full credit, the submission should be completed on at least one-page Microsoft Word file, single space, Times New Roman font, and size 12. Supplemental Reading
PCAOB Standards and Related Rules. Information may be found at www.sec.gov
, www.aicpa.org
,
www.pcaobus.org
, www.coso.org
,
www.cpaboard.state.la.us
,
www.tsbpa.state.tx.us
, www.isaca.org, etc
Vu Nguyen
MBA-6312 Dr. Yiding Wang
1/25/2024
Answers
1.
In your own words, summarize the financial accounting/reporting risks of Flash Technology.
Flash Technology’s financial accounting/reporting risks include:
Revenue Recognition: Flash Technology recognizes revenue at the time of shipment. Risks associated with this include ensuring accurate recognition of revenue and adherence to revenue recognition principles, especially for complex sales arrangements.
Concentration of Credit Risk: The company faces concentration risk from significant customers and international sales. Heavy reliance on a few customers or specific geographic regions could expose the company to financial instability if these customers fail to pay or if there are economic downturns in those regions. Also, two customers accounted for 38% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance on December 31, 2017
Debt Management: The Company has a $7,500,000 revolving line of credit agreement and lease financing agreement with a bank. The credit agreement limits
borrowings to a percentage of receivables and inventories and contains certain covenants tight to the Company’s net worth and indebtedness, among others. The risk associated with this is, that if the Company was unable to comply with these covenants and terms, the Company could be in default of its loan agreement.
Related party transactions: The Company has entered into transactions with related parties, such as the Chairman and a consulting firm with a principal who is
a non-employee Director of the Company. These transactions could raise concerns about conflicts of interest.
Impairment of Intangible Assets: Flash Technologies holds intangible assets such as trademarks, copyrights, and a covenant not to compete. These assets need to be
evaluated for impairment at least annually. Failure to recognize impairment could lead to overstatement of assets.
Inventory Valuation: The company's inventory is stated on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis at the lower of cost or market. The risk here lies in the valuation of inventory, ensuring it is not overstated due to obsolescence or declines in market value.
Taxation Risks: The company operates in multiple jurisdictions, which exposes it to various tax regulations and risks. Managing tax compliance, transfer pricing, and international tax implications effectively are essential to avoid penalties and maintain financial stability.
Regulatory Compliance: Adherence to accounting standards and regulatory requirements is essential for financial reporting accuracy and compliance. Failure to comply could result in penalties, legal issues, and damage to the company's reputation.
Internal Controls: While the auditor provided an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of Flash Technologies' internal control over financial reporting, maintaining robust internal controls is crucial to prevent errors, and fraud, and ensure accurate financial reporting.
2.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of having the same CPA firm provide both auditing and consulting services? Advantages:
Efficiencies gained by the same CPA firm provide both auditing and consulting because the firm can leverage the auditor’s deep understanding, and well-
grounded knowledge of the client and its information system in providing additional services.
Better understanding of the company.
Cost-effectiveness for the company: saving time and money, reducing administrative costs.
Streamlined communication: there will be seamless communication between audit
and consulting teams within the same CPA firm. This could lead to better coordination, alignment of the objectives, and integration of findings, resulting in comprehensive and cohesive recommendations. Disadvantages:
Since the enactment of Sarbanes-Oxley 2002, Section 201, it’s illegal for a registered public accounting firm to provide any non-audit services (additional services). The auditor is not permitted to provide certain types of consulting services for clients for registered public accounting firms.
Impair auditor objectivity and independence. This can lead to future problems and
damage the CPA firm’s reputation.
Conflict of interest
Pressure from clients since they pay for the high service fees.
Credibility concerns from stakeholders, investors, and regulators if the same CPA firm performs both auditing and consulting services.
Ethical consideration: the CPA firm has access to both internal control weaknesses and confidential auditing documents, they could use it to leverage their service (charging higher fees).
Limitation of the scope of practice since Sarbanes-Oxley 2002 enactment.
Bias arises due to many judgment tendencies discussed in the previous chapter.
3.
If you had the opportunity to interview Rita Crundwell, what would you ask her
and why? 2. Should the external auditors have been able to identify the false
invoices? 3. What was the most shocking piece of evidence you learned about the
Crundwell case?
If I had the opportunity to interview Rita Crundwell, I would ask her the following questions:
1)
What were her intentions, motivations, or pressure to commit such a major fraud?
2)
Can you describe the events leading up to and during the period when you were embezzling funds from the City of Dixon?
3)
How could she possibly conceal her scheme for over 20 years?
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