Music to 1600

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University of the Cumberlands *

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130

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Arts Humanities

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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I. Answer the following short answer questions. 1. List the dates for the musical time periods listed below: Renaissance: 1450-1600 Baroque: 1600-1750 2. Describe each type of musical texture listed below: Monophonic : A single-line melody with no accompaniment or other horizontal or vertical sounds. Polyphonic : Two or more independent, simultaneously sounding melodies with equal emphasis but not necessarily starting and stopping simultaneously. Homophonic : A dominating melody in the foreground, supported by harmonic or chordal accompaniment in the background. 3. Which music texture (from the three listed above) is used in MOST modern music today? Homophonic is used in most modern music today. 4. The first 1,400 years of Western music were dominated by what organization? The Roman Catholic Church dominated the first 1,400 years of Western music. 5. During the Renaissance period, which type of music was more important, vocal, or instrumental? Vocal music was more important during the Renaissance period. 6. Who is considered to be the earliest known female composer? Hildegard of Bingen 7. Most composers in the early Renaissance period composed primarily sacred music. Who was the prominent Renaissance composer who set out to show through his 102 masses, 450 motets and other liturgical compositions, and 56 spiritual madrigals that polyphony can create a reverent spirit in worship? Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
8. Instrumental music became a little bit more important in the Renaissance period. List three instruments shown in the URL link that were used during this period that are no longer common instruments and describe what the instrument sounds like...that is...does it sound like a modern instrument or can you describe the sound in your own words? i. Bagpipe: The bagpipe does not sound like a modern instrument. It creates a high- pitched sound. The bagpipes include reeds that vibrate to produce sound and drones responsible for the pipes' "humming" sound. The sound is continuous to articulate the melody and to reiterate notes. The player uses fast and interrupted notes outside the melody, making different notes appear. Bagpipe music can be described as eerie or soothing. ii. Lute : The lute sounds like a modern instrument, resembling a classical guitar. However, the most significant difference between lutes and guitars is their sound. Guitars have warm, full tones, while lutes are much brighter and higher pitched. iii. Shawm : The shawm sounds like a modern instrument resembling an oboe. The shawm is a loud double-reed instrument, the oboe's ancestor. Shawms typically have a larger bore, which makes them louder and more suitable than the oboe for outdoor playing. 9. Listen to "Antiphon for Easter Sunday in Praise of Mary" from your listening examples or from the embedded link below. Read the introductory material in your text about this chant while listening to this short piece that we discussed in class. a. Are there instruments playing? There are no instruments playing. b. Is there a regular rhythm? There is a regular rhythm because although there are multiple voices, they move together, keeping the rhythm steady. c. Is this piece monophonic, polyphonic, or homophonic? This monophonic piece consists of a single melodic line with no accompaniment. 10. Listen to "Gloria" by Palestrina (see page 197 in the text) from your listening examples or from the embedded link below. You are only required to listen to the first 2'45" of the "Gloria." Read the introductory material in your text about this setting of the Mass while listening to this short piece. a. Are there instruments playing? There are no instruments playing. b. Is there a regular rhythm? There is a regular rhythm because although there are multiple voices, they move together, keeping the rhythm steady. c. Is this piece monophonic, polyphonic, or homophonic? This piece is mainly homophonic, with some parts being polyphonic.
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