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A 9 year old boy with cystic fibrosis – a genetic disease that causes a number of problems, including the build-up of thick sticky mucus in the lungs- complained of increasing fatigue, shortness of breath and worsening cough. When his mother took him to the doctor, she mentioned that his cough was a blue green color. His doctor immediately suspected a lung infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa a common complication of cystic fibrosis. A sputum was collected and sent to the clinical laboratory. In the Clinical laboratory, the sample was plated onto Mac Conkey agar and blood gar and incubated. Mucoid colonies surrounded by bluish green color grew on both types of agar media. The colonies on Mac Conkey had no pink coloration, so the medical technologist concluded that the cells did not ferment lactose. She noted that the blue green color on the agar plates and in the sputum, knowing that P.aeruginosa makes several pigmented compounds that give rise to colors ranging from yellow to blue. One…

Give typed full explanation of both question  not written In January 2012, a physician in a Buenos Aires hospital telephoned the Ministry of Health (MOH) to report three possible cases of botulism. The patients, all men in their 30s, presented with drooping eyelids, double vision, difficulty swallowing, and respiratory problems. One patient had onset of symptoms on February 2, the other two on February 5. All three men worked in a local meat factory. What type of study is this? Case-control study Case series Ecologic study Cross-sectional study   If the incidence rate of a very serious disease is 25 cases/100,000 person-months and the prevalence of this disease in the population is 75 cases/100,000 persons, what is the average survival time of individuals who contract this disease? 1 year 3 years 3 months 4 months

Oxygen Requirements of Microorganisms. Predicted Results of: -Clostridium Sporogenes -Pseudomonas aeruginosa -Staphylococcus Epidermidis -Micrococcus Luteus

Hello, good day. I have a problem answering this question, and I need your help. Hoping for a response, and thank you so much. Instruction: Read Chapter 5. The Hemoflagellates of the book Clinical Parasitology: A Practical approach by Zeibig and answer the question:  Question:  In what ways are Leishmania and Trypanosoma similar with each other?

Prepare a concept map on the large and diverse family of Enterobacteriaceae. The following are some of the concepts you may connect with a proposition: — general and unique characteristics; — clinical manifestations; — mode of transmission; — virulence factors; — biochemical test results (e.g. oxidase positive)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), commonly known as the Tubercle bacillus or Koch’s bacillus, is a pathogen of the mammalian respiratory system. It is the causative agent of the most cases of tuberculosis. MTB is an obligate aerobe and requires high amounts of oxygen to propagate. Tubercle bacilli are thin, rod shape, non-motile, and acid fast. Mycolic acid, the waxy layer on its cell surface, is responsible for its virulence and makes the bacteria resistant to Gram staining. Acid fast techniques are therefore used instead. In the Ziehl-Neelsen staining method, Acid –fast bacilli appear bright red against a blue background. Compared with other bacteria such as E. coli, M. tuberculosis is a slow grower, dividing approximately every 15-20 hours. Culture of M. tuberculosis will require a period of 3 weeks or more. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, along with M. africanum, M. bovis and M. microti all form the TB complex. M. tuberculosis is pathogenic for humans while M. bovis is pathogenic for…

A patient infected with Trypanosoma brucei spp. Experiences waves of fever for weeks following the initial infection. In terms of host-parasite interactions, explain what leads to this pathology.   Thank you!

Illustrate the life histories of the parasites Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Plasmodium vivax.   please include a flowchart for both.

True or False? A species with the following characteristics is Staphylococcus aureus.   Some of them can produce penicillinase coagulase positive.  Some of them can destroy white blood cells.

Clostridium perfringens compare how your pathogens (Mycobacterium tuberculosis ) may be similar and different, at least one for each

Clinical Parasitlogy: What is the advantages if using Kato-Katz method?   Please answer in your own words, do not plagiarize. Thanks in advance!

NO EXPLANATION NEEDED, ANSWER ONLY. 26. S1: Sporozoites from mosquitoes enter the red blood cells of the human body directly S2: Crypotozoites in the hidden tissues divide by multiple fission a. S1 is true, S2 is false b. S2 is false, S1 is true c. Both are True d. Both are False 27. After infection has occurred, migration of larvae around the body occurs I. A lumbricoides II. T. trichuria III. T. spiralis a. I only b. I and II only c. II only d. I and III only e. III only 28. Bancroftialfilariasis is transmiited by: a. Tick b. Mosquito c. Sand fly d. Tsetse fly e. Two of the above 29. Parasitic females and rhabditiform larvae of Strongyloidesstercoralis will be seen in the I. Blood II. Feces III. CSF a. I only b. I and II only c. II only d. II and III only e. III only

Hello, good day. I have a problem answering this question, and I need your help. Hoping for a response, and thank you so much. Instruction: Read Chapter 5. The Hemoflagellates of the book Clinical Parasitology: A Practical approach by Zeibig and answer the question:  Question:   In what ways are Leishmania differ from Trypanosoma?

NON PATHOGENIC AMEBA Why do we call Entamoeba hartmanii as the small race Entamoeba histolytica? Is it necessary to treat patients with commensal protozoans? Should we report the presence of the non-pathogenic amoeba in the official fecalysis report?

Please answer fast 1) This member of class Alphaproteobacteria has a unique method of moving around and orienting itself within its environment. This organism contains magnetosomes which allow it to respond to magnetic fields.   Group of answer choices   1/ Flavobacterium johnsoniae   2/ Mycoplasma genitalium   3/ Thiomargarita namibienus   4/ Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum   2)This member of class Saccharomycota can use either aerobic respiration or fermentation to metabolize glucose.   Group of answer choices   1/ Flavobacterium johnsoniae   2/ Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum   3/ Saccharomyces cerevisiae   4/ Staphyloccous aureus   3)This bacterium can live in viscous environments. It uses its flagella to move around and to stick to tissues.   Group of answer choices   1/ Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum   2/ Helicobacter pylori   3/ Flavobacterium johnsoniae   4/ Mycoplasma genitalium   4)This member of Class Gammaproteobacteria lives in oxygen-poor environments and detoxifies…

Malaria symptoms include chills followed by fever.These symptoms are related to activities of thepathogen. Describe the growth stages of Plasmodiumspp. in the human host and relate them to the chill–fever pattern

Question:-   Explain the lifecycle of Necator americanus. List two public health measures that could be taken to lessen the risk of transmission of this pathogen.

Imagine a newly developed drug that is highly lethal against all stages in the life cycle of Toxoplasma gondii. The drug has been found to be safe and effective both for human and for veterinary use. Although the drug can eliminate infection in both humans and cats, its use in humans will have vey little impact on overall prevalence of human toxoplasmosis. Its use in cats, alternatively, could, at least in theory, reduce prevalence in both humans and cats. Explain this difference.

Malaria disease is characterized by cycles of symptoms that last 4-8 hours and have 3 stages; a 15-to-60 minute cold stage when you shiver and feel very cold, a 2-6 hour hot stage when your fever may reach as high as 41oC and finally, a 2-4 hour sweating stage during which your fever drops rapidly. These cycles are called paroxysms. Explain why they typically happen in malaria patients based on the pathogen life cycle

What is sewage? What is the key difference between primary and secondary sewage treatment? Please provide the answer with a plagiarism-free proper explanation. Kindly also refer to the NCERT 12th Biology.

Bacillus and Clostridium both form ___________________. These resistant structures are found in the dirt and are important for transmission of these microbes. Give a specific explanation of how each of these microbes normally moves from its reservoir in the dirt to enter a host. Anthrax (Hint: Anthrax is sometimes known as “wool-sorter’s” disease) Cutaneous   Inhalation/ Pulmonary   Ingestion/ Gastrointestinal   Tetanus   Botulism

Hello, good day. I have a problem answering this question, and I need your help. Hoping for a response, and thank you so much. Instruction: The answer must be in a minimum of 2 paragraphs, and each paragraph must have a minimum of 4 sentences.  Question: What are the developmental stages of Trypanosama? Describe how the stages appear

Hello! Discuss, the adaptations that Trypanosoma cruzi (Protist) has evolved to invade and manipulate the hosts (talk about invasion and manipulation)   Thank you!!!!!

Which of the following has the greatest clinical impact? What and how will you eradicate this parasitic infection? describe your methods for elimination. Balantidium coli Trypanosoma cruzi Trypanosoma brucei        . Leishmania Giardia Trichomonas Plasmodium Toxoplasma . Cryptosporidium . Cyclospora . Taenia Echinococcus Ascaris lumbricoides

Which of the following features does not accurately describe Giardia lamblia?   Question options:   infectious   all of these eatures accurately describe Giardia lamblia   protozoan   prokaryotic   flagellated   fecal-oral transmission

Briefly describe the abiogenesis belief and one experiment to disprove it that was not always successful and the breakthrough that explained any previous failures. Explain why for any description of the origin of life on earth abiogenesis has to precede biogenesis. Briefly describe the reproductive cycle of SARS-CoV-2 Briefly describe the Gram stain.

One of the most characteristic symptoms of malaria is the alternation of attacks (involving a cold phase, a hot phase, and a sweating phase) with periods of 1 or 2 days of no or few fevers.  Given the life cycle of Plasmodium what is the best explanation for this pattern: When free in the blood, merozoites release chemicals that directly cause body responses. Merozoites appear in coordinated “waves”, which explains the cycling attacks Merozoites entering the red blood cells generate a strong response from the red blood cells, which stimulates a massive immune response Attack phase correlates with simultaneous bursting of infected red blood cells, releasing thousands or millions of merozoites. This triggers massive immune response, resulting in symptoms Plasmodium generates a constant accumulation of irritants in the blood, mostly residues from digesting hemoglobin . Once the amount reaches a critical level, these trigger a massive immune response

write out a detailed summary on Salmonella. Questions below will help you frame your summary. Please describe the bacterium. What is its shape and size? Is it Gram-positive or negative? Pictures are always fun! If you can find a microscopic image – include it. What is/are the reservoir(s)? e.g. water, food, human, etc.  Are there parameters needed for infection? (Temperature, pH) What is/are the mode(s) of transmission. If it's foodborne - is it linked to a specific food?  How many cases occur each year? In the US and/or worldwide and/or in the County where you live Has it caused any outbreaks or epidemics? Thank you-

Escherichia coli For each of the following, describe what information the field knows now and what additional questions the field still has opportunities to explore. To decide what future opportunities exist, you can think about what questions you still wonder about, even after learning more this week. Describe what you know and what you wonder about the following: How it has been studied The conditions needed for the pathogen to grow and thrive The metabolic processes the pathogen undergoes Please use the CDC website as your source.

Please make a concept map about systemic and opportunistic mycoses. The main concept should be related to the functions of medical technologist about this type of fugal infection.

NO EXPLANATION NEEDED. ANSWER ONLY. 14. Adults worms of which of the followingparasites reside in human body cavity a. M. streptocerca b. W. bancrofti c. B. malayi d. M. ozzardi e. Two of the above 15. The ova that does not float in the saturated salt solution a. H. nana b. T. solium c. Ancylostoma d. A. lumbricoides 16. There is secondary exo-erythrocytic phase in: a. Benign Tertian Malaria b. Malignant Tertian Malaria c. Quartan Malaria d. Sub-tertian Malaria e. P. knowlesi

Ova has double-walled cytoplasm: *?   Whipworm   Roundworm   Pinworm   Hookworm Which of the following is used to recover pinworm eggs?: *   Concentration method   Direct Fecal Smear   Anal swabs   Kato Thick Smear         Gametocytes in Plasmodium falciparum develop on the: *   First day of infection   Third day of infection   Fifth day of infection   Ninth day of infection Flukes causing hemorrhagic brain convulsion: *   Liver flukes   Lung fluke   Blood flukes   Heterophyids Type of stool consistency most often containing amoeba trophozoites: *   Soft   Semi-formed   Formed   Diarrheic

Discuss the symbiotic role of Wolbachia in Onchocercidae and its impact on filariasis (1000 words)

Bacteria that are obligate intracellular pathogens of humans are considered to be Autotrophs Heterotrophs Photosynthetic Hyperthermophiles Chemolithotrophs Which of the following statements best describes the pathogenesis of Clostridium botulinum? It elaborates an exotoxin that is a lecithinase that causes tissue necrosis. It elaborates a toxin that suppresses the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters. It produces a polysaccharide capsule that inhibits phagocytosis and contributes to invasion of the central nervous system. It elaborates a toxin that inhibits the release of acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses. It produces a leukotoxin that leads to abscess formation.