1021 Final Exam

Design a 275 ft long x 4.0 ft wide x 9.0 ft deep utility trench as a sloped excavation with no bracing following OSHA guidelines. The unconfined compressive strength of the soil is 3.2 ksf. There is not going to be vibrating equipment in the vicinity of the excavation. What OSHA soil type is this. Justify your answer.  Is benching allowed for this soil type? Explain.

3. Excavation may be classified by type of material-Earth excavation excavation, rock excavation, muck excavation, unclassified excavation. * O a) bottom soil O b) sub-soil c) topsoil O d) surface soil

STATION 1+ 125 a b. 12 10 10-m 10-m 5.30 6.20 1.5 8.80 DETERMINE THE VALUES OF "a" AND "b" And The volume of excavation and fill using end-area method

An excavation is rapidly made on site as depicted in the Figure below. The soil wedge above the critical slip surface is divided into thirteen slices. Based on the ordinary method of slices, calculate the ratio (R/S) between the Resisting Force (R) and the Driving Force (S) for slice #3, shortly after the excavation is completed. (Acceptable tolerance = 4%). The geometry of slice #3 and the soil properties are provided in the tables below. The height of water at the middle of the slice is hw = 3.0 m. Note that the total weight of the slice is equal to the weight of the saturated soil below the water table plus the weight of the moist soil above the water table. Hint: the weight of slice #3 is 495 kN

The areas of the cross-section of an excavation are 3,987.23 sqm, 4,659.01 sqm, and 3,876.30 sqm. The spacing of each cross-section from each other is 9.80m. a) Find the volume of Excavation by End Area Method. b) Find the Loose Volume of the soil excavated if it has a swell factor of 15.5%. c) A Dump Truck is rented Php 20,000 per day and can make 7 trips in a day. Find the cost of hauling if 5 Dump Trucks with a capacity of 10 cu. m. per trip is used. Your answer

What are Procedures, apparatus, and calculations needed in Fall Cone/ Cone Penetration Method

Be aware of the problems that may occur during excavation and techniques to control them

Q#2 During excavation processes as a civil engineer what types of precautions should be taken and what are its types .

a)Wall friction δ is present in the directions of active and passive impulse and the movement directions of the wedges. show it if it is. b) A vertical excavation was carried out in saturated clay without slope stability analysis. Excavation a week ago It was completed and no problem was observed on the excavation slope. This situation may affect the stability of the excavation slope. Is it a sufficient indicator for proof?

List and briefly explain 3 advantages of pipe earthing as applied to earthing systems design

1)A ground rod can be buried in a 2 ½ -foot-deep trench only if rock bottom is encounter, and it cannot be driven either vertically or at an angle not exceeding 45 degrees from vertical. a) True b) False  2)Soil resistivity is measured to determine the type of soil conditions, the corrosive effects in the soil, and the gest type of grounding electrode system to install. a) Trueb) False

---DETERMINE THE VALUES OF “a” AND “b” THEN FINISH THE PROBLEM.  --- Determine the area of the cross-section --- The volume of excavation and fill using end-area method

Please explain step by step. Thank you. -> Find the preconsolidation pressure for curve below -> Find Compression Index, (Cc) and Swell Index (Cs) for curve with initial void ratio assumed at = 0.8 -> Find total settlement -> Can 50% Consolidation be achieved in 6 months if total surcharge applied is 2400 psf? CONSOLIDATION TEST - ASTM D2435 Boring / Sample No. B-10 / R-4 Depth: 7.5' - 9' Date 03-18-19 1.00 0.9975 0.9950 0.99 - Natural o Submerged 0.98 0.97 0.96 0.9504 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.92 B0.91 .9089 0.90 I0.89 Silty Clay Dry Density: 81.3 pcf Initial Water Content: 15.1 % Final Water Content: 24.7 % H,O @ 400 PSF 0.88 0.87 0.86 0.8532 0.85 0.84 0.83 08341 0.82 0,8232 0.8136 0.8091 0.81 0.80 100 1000 10000 100000 Vertical Pressure (psf) Sample Height (inches)

A shovel having a 6-cy bucket whose cost per hour, including the wages to an operator, is $85 will excavate well-blasted rock with a swell percent of 60%, and load trucks under the stated condition below. The maximum digging height of the machine is 30 ft. Determine the cost per bank cubic yard. Use the average fill factor for well-blasted rock and assume the optimum height of cut for this material is 50% of the maximum digging height. Condition Height of excavation (ft) Angle of swing (degrees) Efficiency factor (min per hr) Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 24 75 40 Cycle Time 9 sec 6 sec 4 sec Load Swing loaded Dump Swing empty 5.sec

1. The height of excavation is 1.30m               2. Soil type: fairly good soil.

1A) Site investigation should form a part of a coordinated chain of design from inception of the project through preliminary to the final detailed design of a civil engineering project. Discuss the reconnaissance survey with respect to site investigations 1B) Foundation soil is that portion of ground which is subjected to additional stresses when foundation and superstructure are constructed on the ground. Discuss the purpose of bearing capacity.

A) What are the methods used to dry the excavation?

IN A 6M THICK STRATUM OF FINE SAND HAVING SUBMERGED DENSITY OF 11KN/M³, QUICK SAND CONDITION OCCURS AT A DEPTH OF 4.2M OF EXCAVATION. WHAT IS THE DEPTH OF LOWERING OF GWT REQUIRED FOR MAKING AN EXCAVATION OF 5M DEEP? (ASSUME DENSITY OF WATER AS 10KN/M³)

A 12” water main is being installed along the shoulder of a rural road. The excavation for the water main will be 4 feet deep and 3.5 feet wide.  The soil is estimated to have a swell factor of 0.80 and an angle of repose of 31 degrees.  If the stockpile will start 2 feet from the edge of the excavation, and the distance from the edge of the trench to the limits of disturbance is 20 feet, what is the estimated clear space between the far toe and of the stockpile and the limits of disturbance?

the amount of support needed in an excavation depend on Select one: a. The strength of footing b. The strength of the soil c. The type of foundation d. all the above

Q.2 Consider a flat surface on which you have to dig approx. 100m below the ground surface for an underground subway station. The strata is hard soil/rock. The site can only be accessed from the ground surface. Propose a drilling and hauling equipment if the dumping site is within 50m. Also write the reason of choosing the specific equipment.

A temporary excavation, with a 1 horizontal on 2 vertical slope, is to be performed in a stratum of clay 100 ft thick with an undrained shear strength of 2000 psf. The total unit weight of the clay is 125 pcf. If the safety factor must be at least 2.0, what is the maximum permissible depth of the excavation?

Show complete solution and answer in 4 decimal places The areas of the cross-section of an excavation are 3,897.23 sqm, 4,596.01 sqm, and 3, 786.30 sqm. The spacing of each cross-section from each other is 9.80m. a) Find the volume of Excavation by End Area Method. b) Find the Loose Volume of the soil excavated if it has a swell factor of 15.5%. C) A Dump Truck is rented Php 20,000 per day and can make 7 trips in a day. Find the cost of hauling if 5 Dump Trucks with a capacity of 10 cu. m. per trip is used.

Q14. A contractor is excavating the below trench. The contractor is supposed to dig the trench 5ft deep and 3ft wide. The soil was tested to have an approximately swell factor of 112% and a shrinkage factor of 14%. The contractor is placing a 10" water pipe in the trench and then backfilling with the soil that was removed. The dimensions are on center line. Does the contractor have enough soil to backfill the trench, or will he /she have to need more? If more soil are needed, how much does the contractor need to bring in. Answer in LCY. 40ft 3ft 16ft 40ft 20ft 24ft 60ft

Discuss the Long-wall Mining and Short-wall Mining Methods with Reference to Strata Control.

Answer the number shown below for the least horizontal deformation and settlement and for the most settlement. The braced excavation type of (3) below is chosen for the construction of subway station and ground settlement is expected to be more than allowable due to the drawdown of ground water. What do you think you should consider to reduce the settlement? 1) Slurry wall 2) CIP continuous wall 3) Soldier pile and woodlagging wall 4) Soldier pile and concrete wall

The estimated common excavation for the driveway is 420 cubic meters and there are also 32 footings of 2 x 2 meters size and 0.60m thickness. The depth of the footing is 1.6m from the natural grade line. [Column sizes are 0.80 x 0.80m) Using a D4 dozer, determine the duration of excavation. With manual embankment done by 12 laborers, how many days will it take to PLACE backfill for the structural excavation? With manual embankment done by 12 laborers, how many days will it take to COMPACT backfill for the structural excavation?

For the following excavation sites make recommendations about: Type of wall i) ii) Depth of wall iii) Type of support Dewatering/Piping iv) And make comments about other aspects if necessary (i.e. dewatering). Assume that these locations are in the urban areas. Make any assumptions necessary. Deep soft clay (Ysat 17 kN/m³), cu = 30 kN/m², c'- 0, '= 25° Ground water level is at the ground surface Depth of excavation: 10 m Size of excavation: 10 m x 40 m

1.) The earthworks data of a proposed highway is tabulated below. The free haul distance is 50m and the cost of borrow is P420 per cum, cost of excavation is P350 per cum. and the cost of haul is P21 per meter station. The ground surface is assumed to be uniformly sloping. (a) Compute the free haul volume. (b) Compute the overhaul volume. STATION AREA CUT FILL 10 + 160 41.13m2 (Balancing Point) 47.85 m? 10 + 401.97 10 + 610