GEL111Homework5

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Stanly Community College *

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111

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Geology

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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Christian Nelson Mr. Boomgarden GEL-11 6, February 2024 Chapter 5 Homework 2. How did archeologists produce the cast of a Pompeii victim shown in Photo B? - Archaeologists utilized a method involving plaster casts to capture the forms of Pompeii victims. By filling the voids within the ash created by decomposed bodies, they were able to accurately preserve the positions and states of the victims as they were during the eruption of Vesuvius. 5. Which type of basaltic lava flow has a ropy surface, and which has a rubbly surface? Which type does Photo C show? Under what conditions does pillow basalt form? - Basaltic lava flows manifest in two primary morphological types, delineating their overall structure, textures, and other features: Pāhoehoe, characterized by smooth, billowy, or ropy surfaces, and 'A'ā, distinguished by rough, jagged, or clinkery surfaces.
12. Explain the causes of melting for each geologic setting in which volcanism takes place. Which type of volcanism produced the volcanoes bordering the trench on Map A? - Volcanic eruptions take place in areas of the Earth where a combination of pressure, temperature, and the presence of water leads to the melting of rock. There are two primary mechanisms through which Earth materials melt: 1) the ascent of hot mantle material causing decompression; and 2) the infiltration of water into hot rock. The volcanic activity responsible for the formation of the volcanoes along the trench depicted on Map A is probably island arc volcanism. 14. What causes the melting that provides the basalt lava extruded at mid-ocean ridges and along rifts? Unlike mid-ocean ridges, some continental rift volcanoes also produce felsic - Melting occurs as a result of hot mantle rock ascending to shallower depths beneath the ridge, where it experiences decompression melting. Certain volcanoes within continental rift zones generate felsic pyroclastic materials due to the process of basalt ascending through the continental crust. This ascent induces heat transfer, causing partial melting of the continental crust and the formation of felsic magma. 15. How are continental hot-spot volcanoes different from oceanic hot-spot volcanoes? Which produces larger explosions?
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