CPOL- Readings

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Apr 3, 2024

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Module 6 Malcolm X Reading - Carson, C. (2005). The unfinished dialogue of Martin Luther King, Jr.and Malcolm X.Souls,7(1), 12-19. - Carson's 2005 article "The Unfinished Dialogue of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X" discusses the complex relationship between two prominent civil rights leaders, Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X. The article explores how their differing ideologies and approaches to the civil rights movement created a dynamic tension that remains relevant today. Carson highlights that while King advocated for nonviolent resistance and integration, Malcolm X advocated for more radical and separatist methods. The article underscores the importance of understanding their ideas and the potential for a more comprehensive dialogue that never fully materialized due to Malcolm X's assassination. It ultimately calls for a deeper examination of their legacies and the potential for a more inclusive approach to achieving civil rights. - Horne, G. (1993). Myth and the making of Malcolm X. American Historical Review, 98(2), 440-450 - In his 1993 article "Myth and the Making of Malcolm X" published in the American Historical Review, Horne explores the process of myth-making around the iconic figure Malcolm X. Horne delves into how Malcolm X's life and image have been shaped and reshaped by various historical and cultural narratives. He emphasizes the significance of understanding the mythologizing of Malcolm X and its impact on public perception. The article essentially examines the creation and evolution of Malcolm X's image as a historical and cultural phenomenon. - Encyclopaedia Britannica (brittanica.com) entry for the American civil rights movement - The American civil rights movement was a pivotal social and political campaign in the United States during the mid-20th century. It aimed to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans and other minority groups. The movement utilized various strategies, including civil disobedience, nonviolent protests, and legal actions, to challenge systemic racism and demand equal rights and opportunities for all citizens. Key events and figures in the movement include the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the March on Washington, leaders like Martin Luther King, Jr., and legislative milestones like the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The civil rights movement played a crucial role in transforming American society and advancing the cause of civil rights. (not full summary) Quiz Who, of the following, was a key figure in the American civil rights movement? a. Rosa Parks b. Fannie Lou Hamer c. John Lewis d. Jesse Jackson e. All of the above
Which of the following could be considered methods of non-violent resistance? a. Sit-ins b. Legal challenges c. Pleas and petitions d. Boycotts e. All of the above Which of the following world leaders makes a cameo appearance in Spike Lee’s film Malcolm X? a. Barack Obama b. Julius Nyerere c. Mahatma Gandhi d. Kwame Nkrumah e. Nelson Mandela Images from which of the following events appear in the opening sequence of Spike Lee’s film Malcolm X? a. The killing of George Floyd b. The killing of Breonna Taylor c. The beating of Rodney King d. The killing of Ahmaud Arbery e. The beating of Dafonte Miller Why did Malcolm Little discard his last name and choose to become Malcolm X? a. Because ‘Little’ did not match with the grandness of his ambition b. Because ‘X’ sounds a lot cooler than ‘Little’ c. Because ‘X’ represented the unknown, which he identified with d. Because ‘Little’ was a “slave name” e. Because he hated his father, Mr. Little Which of the following events is Malcolm X’s infamous statement “chickens coming home to roost” associated with? a. The beating of Rodney King b. The March on Washington c. The assassination of President John F. Kennedy d. The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. e. The Birmingham church bombing
Module 7 The Battles of Algiers - Amrane-Minne, D.D. (2007). Women at War: The representation of women in The Battle of Algiers. Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies, 9(3), 340-349. - "Women at War: The representation of women in The Battle of Algiers," the author offers a critical analysis of how women are depicted in the film "The Battle of Algiers." The article likely explores the various roles and experiences of women during the Algerian War for independence, paying particular attention to how these representations contribute to the broader discourse on gender in the context of postcolonial studies. Amrane-Minne's work likely offers insights into the film's portrayal of female characters, their agency, and the ways in which their stories intersect with the larger narrative of the struggle for Algerian independence. This analysis provides a deeper understanding of the film's socio-political and gender dynamics in a postcolonial setting. - Harrison, N. (2007). ‘Based on actual events’: Pontecorvo’s Battle of Algiers, 40 Years on. Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies, 9(3), 335-339. - The article "‘Based on actual events’: Pontecorvo’s Battle of Algiers, 40 Years on" by N. Harrison, published in the International Journal of Postcolonial Studies in 2007, reflects on the film "The Battle of Algiers" directed by Pontecorvo four decades after its release. The author likely provides a retrospective analysis of the film's enduring relevance and impact. Harrison's article may discuss the movie's portrayal of historical events, its significance in postcolonial discourse, and how it continues to resonate with contemporary audiences. This analysis likely underscores the enduring importance of the film as a representation of historical events and as a reflection of postcolonial themes. - Stora, B. (2007). Still fighting: The Battle of Algiers, censorship and the “memory wars.” Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies, 9(3), 365-370. - in the article "Still fighting: The Battle of Algiers, censorship, and the 'memory wars'" by B. Stora, published in the International Journal of Postcolonial Studies in 2007, the author explores the enduring controversy and debates surrounding the film "The Battle of Algiers." Stora likely discusses how the film has been subjected to censorship and the various "memory wars" it has triggered. - The article may delve into how the movie's portrayal of historical events related to the Algerian War for independence has sparked discussions and disputes, particularly in relation to its depiction of colonialism and resistance. Stora is likely to highlight the impact of censorship efforts aimed at controlling the film's narrative and how this censorship reflects broader issues of memory and historical representation. - Moreover, the article may examine the role of "The Battle of Algiers" in shaping collective memory and historical consciousness. Stora might discuss how the film continues to be a focal point in debates about colonialism, postcolonialism, and the legacy of the Algerian War. The term "memory wars" may refer to the ongoing struggles and
controversies surrounding the interpretation and remembrance of historical events, with the film as a central point of contention. - In summary, B. Stora's article likely analyzes the film "The Battle of Algiers" in the context of censorship and ongoing debates regarding its portrayal of the Algerian War, colonialism, and resistance. The article may also explore how the film has influenced discussions about memory and history in postcolonial studies. Quiz Which of the following characters appear in The Battle of Algiers? 1. Little Omar 2. Ali La Pointe 3. Ben M’Hidi 4. Colonel Mathieu 5. All of the above What does the term ‘Pied-Noir’ refer to? 1. Revolutionaries associated with the FLN who could be identified by their black footwear 2. People of French and other European origin born in Algeria during French colonial rule 3. A prison complex on the outskirts of Algiers 4. French paratroopers who could be identified by their black footwear 5. None of the above What is the name of the prison in which a prisoner is seen being prepared for execution by guillotine in The Battle of Algiers (while Ali La Pointe and others look on)? 1. Guantanamo Bay 2. Barberousse 3. The Casbah 4. The Pied-Noirs 5. Tihar Jail Who, in The Battle of Algiers, speaks the following lines: “We have requested a carte blanche...But it is very difficult to obtain. Therefore, it is necessary to find an excuse to legitimize our intervention and make it possible. It is necessary to create it ourselves.” 1. Ali La Pointe 2. Djamila 3. Colonel Mathieu 4. President Charles De Gaulle 5. Ben M’Hidi
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