Economic way of Thinking
Alcohol Consumption an Economic Problem
Economists assume consumers of alcohol are rational beings capable of responding to incentives and disincentives on decisions about its consumption ADDIN EN.CITE Gwartney2008465(Gwartney, Stroup, Sobel, & Macpherson, 2008)4654656Gwartney, J.D.Stroup, R.L.Sobel, R.S.Macpherson, D.A.Economics: Private and Public Choice2008United StatesSouth-Western Cengage Learning9780324580181http://books.google.co.ke/books?id=yIbH4R77OtMC( HYPERLINK l "_ENREF_2" o "Gwartney, 2008 #465" Gwartney, Stroup, Sobel, & Macpherson, 2008). An economist will formulate policy to guide in solving the problem of alcohol abuse reducing the benefits associated with alcohol consumption. The assumption of ceteris paribus (all things remaining constant) will be used to determine and influence individual choices surrounding consumption of alcohol. Marginal changes in the levels of alcohol consumption are evaluated against marginal changes in the factors influencing consumption of alcohol. An individual's choice to consume a unit of alcohol is evaluated against price and the income earned.
Economists make their conclusion and decision on the correct measure to take by assuming that, all things remaining constant, a rational individual will make an assessment of the benefits and losses associated with unit consumption of alcohol ADDIN EN.CITE Gwartney2008465(Gwartney et al., 2008)4654656Gwartney, J.D.Stroup, R.L.Sobel, R.S.Macpherson,
Throughout the eighteen hundreds saloons were the site of rockus drinking, profane drunkards, and unthinking violence. This drinking culture was defined by masculinity and by free flowing alcohol that permeated all throughout America, city to city. The saloons became so popular with working men because it was time they could spend away from their wives and their homes. In Catherine Murdock’s book Domesticating Drink she argues that these elements of saloon culture, exclusivity, inebriety, and violence, were eliminated by the increase in popularity of mixed sex speakeasies, cocktail parties, and the overall domestication of drink. But this conclusion misinterprets the history of alcohol from Prohibition to the present. Although alcohol is now consumed without the exclusively of the past, it has evolved to be over sexualized and associated with a masculine culture of binge drinking over sexualized and domestic violence.
Two groups, one group for academic setting and one for the relaxed setting of 10 university students will be used in this 2 by 2 design. The students will be offered a credit within one of their third year marketing courses, while ensuring they are legal drinking age to participate within this study. There will be two sets of this type of study, one for a negative drinking and driving advertisement and another for a positive drinking and driving advertisement (see appendices 1 and 2). The four different groups will be taken to the setting, where a negative or positive advertisement will be shown. Then, the students will be asked to causally consume 1 to 2 alcoholic beverages with the advertisements still in sight within the setting. The students will then be asked a few questions regarding if they decide to drink and proceed to drive home or find a safer alternative to make it home.
Bonar, Erin E., Kathleen M. Young, Erica Hoffman, Shinakee Gumber, Jeremy P. Cummings, Michelle Pavlick, and Harold Rosenberg. "Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of University Students’ Definitions of Binge Drinking." Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of University Students’ Definitions of Binge Drinking 26.2 (2011): 187-93. Web. 3 Apr. 2013.
If a foreigner were to come into America one of the most startling facts they would would be our liberal attitude towards alcohol. Alcohol is literally everywhere in America and we are not shameful of our love of it. Our televisions are filled with ads for alcohol beverages portraying happiness, our sport teams and stadiums are sponsored by alcohol companies and not only that but alcohol in America is cheaper and better than ever with thousands of options and varieties. A prime example of our affinity to alcohol would be the Super bowl which had over a 111 million viewers in 2016 and averages over a 100 million viewers every year (Pallotta and Stelter). If one were to tune into the super bowl and view the ads, it is not hard to notice that
lcohol in America has been a topic of debate for hundreds of years. Even before the formal establishment of this country, citizens have enjoyed social drinking. Whether it was hot buttered rum in the 1600s and 1700s or whiskey in the 1800s, people in America have always been adamant in their ways of alcohol consumption. New settlers attacked the habit of drinking, such as the Puritans and James Oglethorpe, the founder of Georgia (Crews). However, Americans have prevailed and have continued their habits for many centuries. The legality of alcohol itself is not the only aspect of the substance that has been debated. The legal age required to drink has changed throughout the years. Before Prohibition began in 1919, a large majority of states had
Alcohol, no matter what form it is in, still has an effect on Americans’ physical health. Regardless if it is hard liquor or of the fruity assortment, people can abuse the consumption of alcohol. The playful fruity drinks are what sneak up on people by thinking because of the playful nature of the drink it will not harm them. The hard core liquor is known for the health risk and the effects it has on a person’s physical health. When you are drunk you have no control, you can cause self-harm both mentally and physically. With America being one of the top countries to consume so much alcohol, it is no surprise that the widespread consumption of alcohol contributes to our physical health problems. What could Americans do to fix the problem?
States rely on elements of rational deterrence theory to discourage drinking and driving by increasing the costs of such behavior. The first aspect of deterrence is the presence of policies such as the .08 BAC and open container laws that increase the certainty of a violation being detected. A second component is that the individual must have knowledge of the behavior that could lead to an arrest (Bertelli & Richardson, 2008). There is no exact number of drinks to reach the limit of .08%, it is dependent from person to person. The more a person weighs, the amount of alcohol in a drink, and gender all are factors in the amount of alcohol in the bloodstream. It can take a small amount of alcohol to become legally drunk for some
The term alcohol is such a casual term in America. Few people think twice about it. We Americans think we know everything about it, but do we really? The truth is, alcohol is in fact a drug. It is not one to take lightly either. Whenever an American sees a couple of guys drinking beers at a bar or a couple in love having a glass of wine, those people are really just doing drugs and trying to get a high. But few people see it like that; how it truthfully is. Alcohol has a lot of the same characteristics and attributes as many illegal drugs that people consider so dire. Alcohol kills people, ruins relationships,
23.1% of all Americans have some alcohol use disorder, also known as AUDs, and 5% of those are children. Alcohol abuse is defined by the repeated drinking of alcohol to the point that it interferes with day to day activities, such as work. Also if you drink more than 7 drinks per week, for women, or 14 per week, for men, then you are considered to have a drinking problem. Alcoholism has dastardly effects on the people themselves and around them. We need to put an end to the emotional, physical, and economic problems caused by the abuse of alcohol.
The biggest problem is money, its money that defines all Americans life style. The world wouldn’t make sense if you don’t make a dime. People getting paid less doesn’t bother to care about their performance in the work force. With outdated equipment the job can’t be done correctly and budget cuts less hands on the project will have. This is causing a lot of pain as there are less cop forces on the streets and people getting hurt. It’s also causing a lot of distress as well because nothing is getting solved and people are starting to get angry. It’s the main reason why families break apart, individual misery and the root of alcoholism is money problems.
The main purpose of the passage is to explain why alcoholic beverages advertising should be restricted. The passage also explains what the author thinks that alcoholic ads do not promote underage drinking Research conducted by Joel W. Grube and Lawrence Wallack suggests that awareness of TV beer commercials leads to favorable beliefs about drinking in children 10 to 12 years old and increases their intention to drink as adults. Henry Saffer concluded that a ban on broadcast alcohol advertising would save 2,000 to 3,000 people annually from death due to alcohol-related motor-vehicle crashes.
a) The consumers’ tastes were changing. According to the case, the beer consumption had declined by 2.3% due to the competition from wine and spirits-based drinks. What’s more, an increase in federal tax as well as health concerns also caused the decline of the sales of beer.
Throughout the United States history alcohol has always been a topic of interest. Alcohol has been around for centuries and quite frankly, most people enjoy it. What people do not appreciate is that the government thinks that they have the right to tell people what age they are allowed to consume it. Laws that have restricted the consumption of alcohol have never held their weight. The Prohibition is a fantastic example of this. Citizens of the United States were willing to go to jail if they were caught with alcohol. The law was so poor that the United States repealed it with the 21st amendment after a short amount of time. The United States government feels as if it is there responsibility to control the consumption of alcohol. Some
Alcoholism is a prominent substance abuse issue in Western society. The treatment method of controlled drinking as opposed to abstinence is a continuing cause of controversy in alcohol research to this day. The US is different from Europe in its acceptance of controlled drinking as a goal of treatment: “in the US alcohol dependence is typically depicted as a ‘recurring disease’ and the ‘successful abstainer’ as a ‘recovering’ though never ‘recovered’ alcoholic” (Coldwell, 2005). Depending on the alcohol abuse patient’s individual characteristics, either controlled drinking or abstinence is chosen as a treatment.
1. Suggest how an economist would approach the problem of alcohol abuse. Provide two (2) possible solutions to this problem. Include the four (4) elements of the economic way of thinking in your analysis.