Molly Ball!
Period 4!
Mr. Rudolph!
25 August, 2014!
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Chapter 1: New World Beginnings!
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1. How did “man” reach the New World? Why did we come?!
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When the Ice Age caused the sea level to drop, it exposed a land bridge from
Eurasia to North America. Therefore, while some nomads took boats to the New World, the majority of the first nomadic Asian hunters came to the New World by walking across the land bridge, called Bering isthmus. Small bands of these immigrants continued to travel across the bridge for 250 centuries. It is thought that the first nomadic humans came across the land bridge because they were following herds of migrating game whom also took that path. !
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2. Why is it difficult to generalize about North American
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However, with the invention of the caravel, a mostly wind resistant ship, the Portuguese believed that if they sailed down to
West Africa, the wind would take them back home. This let the Portuguese set up trading posts farther down Africa. When Bartholomeu Dias rounded the South tip of
Africa, and Vasco and Gama got to India, Spain united as a country to outdo Portugal.
Since Portugal had already claimed and progressed east of Africa, Spain had only one choice. To search West, and closer than ever to America. !
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6. Why did the Italians and the French turn down Columbus’s request for sponsorship of his voyage?!
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The Italians and the French both most likely turned down Columbus’s request for sponsorship because never before had it been presented that there might be something more to the world than Europe and Asia. The New World was unknown, and the two countries most likely did not want to risk any money or resources on going out into an ocean that they believed had nothing in it. Also, Columbus’s original reason for his journey was to find a new water route to the Indies. If the country spent money on finding a less expensive route to Asia, on which the country was making so much money, the producers would lose, while the consumers gained, which was the opposite of what the countries wanted. ! !
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7. How did the “Columbian Exchange” transform both the Old and New Worlds?!
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The Columbian Exchange, or the
the western half of the United States of America. On their journey they drew maps and made
True or False: A permanent magnet is a piece of material that has been magnetized and can hold its magnetic strength for a reasonable length of time. True.
9. Why is the $1,000 you receive today worth more than $1,000 you receive next year? What concept does this illustrate? Why is this concept particularly important when firms evaluate capital budgeting proposals?
During the age of exploration and colonization, Portuguese mariners first found success in establishing trade along the African coast. They set up trading posts on offshore island using a new ship design, planting a variety of crops and trading commodities with people along the coast. Additionally, Vasco da Gama travelled around the tip of Africa to trade with East Africa and India. While their most of their goods were seen as inferior, da Gama returned with fighting vessels and established trading posts in the Indian Ocean by using force.
2. His goal was to reach the East (East Indies) by sailing west, thus bypassing the around-Africa route that Portugal monopolized.
they were organized and knew what to do when the time came to set sail
Have you ever wondered where why the many different countries in Europe came to America to explore and colonize? There were two main concepts that drew the Europeans to America: the excitement and profit of the "New World", and the past histories of their countries. The English, French, and Spanish each came to the Americas in search of a new beginning; a fresh start in which they could escape past torment and capture new wealth. However, each motive defined the character of each settlement.
During the same time as Portugal’s expansion Spain was also seeking a passage from Spain across the Atlantic to Asia. A man from
1450, Portuguese mariners overcame those obstacles by developing the caravel, and discovering a new route.
Christopher Columbus is known for being an explorer and is said to have made one of the most important voyages in world history without even wanting to. Something else that is also believed is that he “opened up” the Americas to European nations, which changed the course of American history. Before he went on his voyage though, he was in need of resources. So he asked Portugal, France, Italy among many other countries but they all denied Columbus and thought his statement was incorrect. Columbus’ statement was that he had found a faster way to get to Asia than the Portuguese had, which was going around the continent of Africa. Columbus lived a majority of his life in Spain, so when it came to setting sail for the west, Spain was one of the first nations he asked for funding. Though it took Columbus a little more than a few years to convince a nation to fund his voyage, Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand from Spain subsequently granted to endow him in 1492. He would then leave for “Asia” on August 3, 1492. There are many unanswered questions and thoughts on why Spain decided to finally fund Columbus’ voyage, especially since he was an explorer that was born in Italy.
Like this, in the beginning of the discovery, most of the Europeans looked for their benefit by selling the silver, slaves and other material items to Europeans. But as people started to settle in America, people attempted to cross the Atlantic ocean to seek for personal, religious or economic freedom and opportunities. The idea of better life condition and opportunities had also brought Native Americans from Asia. We do not know what kind of group of people came to America first, but most of scientists believe that a lot of them were from Asia who were looking for food and better conditions to live. We believe that they had crossed the land bridge call ‘Bering Land Bridge’ which was made by ice between Alaska and Siberia 2000 years ago(U.S. IMMIGRATION BEFORE 1965). The newcomers had been spread out over the continent for years and
In August of 1492 Christopher Columbus had sailed to the New World in an attempt to gather the riches of Asia under sponsorship of Spanish royalty.^1 Upon his voyage he had discovered the island of Hispaniola, a new nation that would eventually contribute to the largest trade system among Europe and their colonies, known as the Triangular Trade system. This discovery had brought Columbus new found fame and respect as the island was believed to be the rich isles of Sheba that King Solomon had discovered, due to the amount of gold and resources that were found.^2 The riches alone were enough to send for another voyage and to begin the colonization, yet it also began the series of events that would conclude that Christopher Columbus’ arrival was
| A _____ is attached to the beginning of a word root to modify its meaning.
Hence, The Spanish explorations were most notably able to occur due to the King and Queen’s efforts to unify the Spanish nation and the growing competition between the unified Spain and its neighboring country, Portugal (Nardo, 1947). The King and Queen did many other things to improve and fund exploration in Spain, and perhaps the most significant thing they did was sponsor Christopher Columbus after he proposed an exploration to India, guaranteeing that he could discover and establish valuable trade routes from India to Eastern Asia (Nardo, 1947). The King and Queen agreed to sponsor him because Spain often sought out trade opportunities and wanted to find gold and valuable spices from Asia, specifically from India, and this exploration almost guaranteed all of that (Nardo, 1947). Therefore, the reasons for Spanish exploration include the desire to establish trade routes between India and Eastern Asia, to find valuable resources, the empire’s competition with Portugal, and the King and Queen’s unification of their kingdoms and sponsorship of Christopher
Yet these sites are not as old as Monte Verde. Scientists believe that sea levels rose significantly after the period of migration. Thus, older sites along the western part of the continent may be submerged under the water.