Decision Making Approaches

Managers within organizations are faced with the challenges daily of making excellent decisions. In everyday life we are challenged in making sound decision, decision that will last for a life time. Folk often wonder after making a decision if it was the right choice, will it affect the people around me, was this a good choice for my family, and will the decision affect them. In order to be an effective manager you have to possess the skill of outstanding decision making skills. In order for one to be successful within their personal life they may also need to possess an understanding of effective decision making. The decision- making process should be one that makes a positive change. Can the decision making process work

Decision-making in the workforce is a process of responsibilities used by upper management to implement, enforce rules, regulations, and maintain a successful environment. Decision-making implemented more effectively by making a plan, thinking it through, accepting more than one opinion and determining what is best. However, decision-making often utilized more effectively by opening doors of opportunities for a suggestion, question, discussion, and feedback. Although, more involvement helps improve understanding, utilize behavior skills and present opportunities for better communication. Everyday life consists of decision-making, the right decision may not always be applied, but ensure room for improvement and opportunity. Individuals approached decision-making in many different ways. As stated by (Jones, Graham, & Bateman, 2006) decision making is a procedure used to recognize a problem, weigh the alternatives and evaluate a solution in which, certain situations will require different approaches to become effective.

Generally speaking, intuitive decisions are illogical and cannot be validated for they are often driven by external forces such as luck, fate or a spiritual being, and are not always based on rational reasoning. For these, intuition tells us that we know things without having us to know why we know these things. It dictate a person’s feelings, thoughts, associations, and often could be biased towards a particular subject. Thus, it is not always wise to rely on our natural “gut feelings” or intuition because it could distance us from our analytical mindset,

Decision-making is critical to a business helping mitigate risk and requires good judgment, considering social, humans, and ethical values before final decisions are made. Additionally, making good decisions enables organizations to identify and resolve problems, also providing organizations with the ability to identify and exploit opportunities.

As we make decision throughout our day, for most of us we make a lot of decisions within the workplace. Those who are in leadership roles make decisions within the organization such as determining organizational goals, missions, visions, and other decisions that can greatly affect the organization either in a positive or negative way. According to Robins and Judge everyone play in the role of decision making in the workplace. “Non-managerial employees also make decisions that affect their jobs and the organizations for which they work. They decide whether to come to work on any given day, how much effort to put forth at work, and whether to comply with a request made by the boss” (Robins & Judge 2009, p. 147). These particular decisions that non-managerial employees make can affect the workplace in numerous of ways such as impacting views and decisions of other employees, impacted the set atmosphere in the workplace as well as impacting

The concept of ‘rationality’ has been talked through the centuries. According to Grey (2013), rationality is a big question because of this proposition which has the meaning and difficulties seem to be defining of a whole set of issues which have resonated through both organisation theory and practice ever since. And rationality is the basis of a decision, rational decision makers are objective and logical, they reach the goal that maximises the value. Not only rationality is important to organisations, and also it can be identified in various kinds of management theories. This essay will introduce the different aspects of the concept of ‘rationality’ and make explanations that how these are recognised in different management theories.

In our everyday life decision making and problem solving are crucial skills. Usually any kind of problem solving involves decision making, and decision making is significant for any aspect of life. There are techniques and procedures to polish and enhance decision making and the quality of the outcome of the decision. To certain people decision making is more natural, but not to other personalities, so people who have needs of improvement in their decision making they should emphasize more on refining the quality of their decisions. Some personalities who are less natural decision-makers are sometimes able to make smart assessments, but at that point they have to be more conclusive in acting upon the valuations made. Problem solving and decision making are strictly connected, and each involves creativity in distinguishing and evolving choices, for that the brainstorming method is most useful.

A tingling sensation in the air erupts. The body stops mid stride as the physical alarm bell goes off, awareness about every little thing resonates as an operation plays out that doesn’t require any conscious thinking, it just happens. It is the feeling that sprouts up in the presence of someone or something that just does not feel right. That discrete nudge to the brain, that ignites a gut feeling. Intuition. With intuitional decision-making there is no need for conscious reasoning as intuition takes over ones judgment capabilities. It is then that the question of intuitions role in our everyday judgment, comes about. In a multitude of case studies involving the latter question, researchers inquire about the effect of intuition upon

The work of managers, of scientists, of engineers, of lawyers--the work that steers the course of society and its economic and governmental organizations--is largely work of making decisions and solving problems. It is work of choosing issues that require attention, setting goals, finding or designing suitable courses of action, and evaluating and choosing among alternative actions. The first three of these activities--fixing agendas, setting goals, and designing actions--are usually called problem solving; the last, evaluating and choosing, is usually called decision making. Nothing is more important for the well-being of society than that this work be performed effectively, that we address successfully the many problems requiring

The difficulties that were accompanied with this approach led to deviation from the rational model. Complexity of modern organizations and the limited cognitive ability of decision makers were most influencing factors in the deviation . The decision makers were unable to operate under perfect rationality conditions. The information about a decision was mostly unavailable or unclear, and open to different interpretations. Also, the criteria of evaluating alternative solutions were not agreed upon. It also required very long time and a lot of energy of the decision makers to pursue a maximizing outcome. These constrains led to a conclusion that the absolute rational model is unreachable.

As I did research I came to realize that there is more to the decision making process. There is also the levels of the decision making and I believe this helps with the

“Rational decision-making is an impossible ideal in strategy formulation and implementation due to incomplete information and organisational politics.”

This report will discuss about the approach to rational decision making process. It discusses how an everyday problem faced by management can be tackled by using

All top-level executives are good decision-makers; they would not be at the top if they were not.  But not all executives will make decisions in the same way.  Mr Lively’s background and culture have produced someone who makes decisions by verbalising, questioning, listening to his own ideas, and bouncing ideas off his colleagues.  Mrs Quiet comes from a culture where decision-making is internalised and the spoken word is used sparingly and chosen carefully.

Decision-making is a major job tasks for all managers. When making decisions that impact people’s everyday lives such as salary, vacation and job tasks the decision making process is even more important. Leaders must be strong willed and must have support of subordinates when making life-altering decisions (Maxwell, 2013). Being in education I deal with decisions being made about my job with out my input daily. The government constantly makes and alters decisions that affect my observations, curriculum and everyday job tasks. This type of decision-making is called autocratic decisions. Yuki (1990) states that autocratic decision-making is where the leader makes a decision without asking subordinates. However, autocratic decision-making is not the lone procedure when making decisions within an organization. Decisions procedures also consist of consultation and group decisions (Yuki, 1990). Throughout this paper we will be discussing the three decisions producers in relevance with the Alvis Corporation text.