3.
Samples of natural selenium contain six stable isotopes. these isotopes have the same number of proton & electrons in each atom they differ in the number of neutrons in each atom, the atomic mass, & their nuclear stability
Electron configuration 1S2, 2S2, 2P6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d10, 4p4
Indicate the number of unpaired electrons in the ground-state atom it has 2 unpaired electrons in the 4P orbital. in a chemical reaction it is likely to take 2 electrons & become Se-2 or likely to do 2 covalent bond with other atom. it is also likely to lose all 6 electrons in its valence shell & become a +6, or fewer electrons & become +4 or a +2 just as sulfur does above it in the same group.
It is easier for it to lose electrons than it is for Br, this is because Br has the same atomic radius (115 pm) as does Se, but Br more protons to hold its electrons from being taken, & itso has a stronger pull for its own electrons and greater than that of tellurium. Se has a strong hold on its electrons, because it is a smaller atom than Te, with Te's valence electrons further out the strength with which they are held falls off by the square with distance. Te has a radius of 140 pm compared to Br's of 115 pm.
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The History of the Periodic Table of elements is vast, and filled with interesting facts that not many average people would know about, these four scientists have had all contributed to the table in some way, and lead it to its current state, here is what they have
Rare earth metals are a series of chemical elements that are found in the earths crust (Rare Earth Tech. Alliace), and, because of their unique are used in a variety of different technologies, including computers, mobile phones, transport (cars, motorbikes, buses) and for defence purposes (Rare Earth Tech. Alliace). The unique properties of rare earth elements reduce size, weight, increase efficiency and stability, as well as reducing emissions and energy consumption. There are 17 main elements that are called rare earths, 15 from the lanthanide series, and two more that have very similar properties
As more electrons are added the distance will increase which cause atomic radius to change.
The element I’m doing research on is Neon. Neon is usually used for advertising. For example, the Las Vegas sign uses neon so it can have a bright light or shine in the dark. The element’s chemical symbol on the periodic table is ‘Ne.’ It’s really easy to spot the symbol on the periodic table since it uses the first two letters in the actual word, Neon. The atomic number is shown above the element’s symbol on the periodic table. The number represents how many protons and neutrons it has. In this element, the number is 10, which means there’s 10 protons and neutrons. The atomic mass tells us the mass of the atom, for neon the mass is 20.180. In the periodic table, the mass is usually located underneath the chemical symbol. For each atom, every
To find the unknown #8 Alkaline I realized that the only anion that had 4 distinct precipitate reactions for each alkaline was H2SO4, so all I had to do was react Unknown #8 with H2SO4. I did this experiment and the reactant was milky white. Based on this reaction in comparison to my previous reactions I concluded that unknown #8 alkaline was the alkaline earth Ba. This experiment was most efficient because it only took one step to figure out what my unknown was, since their was four different reaction outcomes and four different earth metal each matching to one out come this was clearly the most efficient way.
There has been some deviation on who deserves credit for being the “father” of the periodic table, either the German Lothar Meyer or the Russian Dmitri Mendeleev. Both chemists shockingly produced similar results during the same time period working
Throughout history the periodic table of elements has been influenced and amended by multiple scientists. These scientists include Johann Dobereiner, A.E Beguyer de Chancourtois, John Newlands, and Glenn Seaborg. As well as Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev and Lothar Meyer the creators of the periodic table. There are many ways that the periodic table of elements was set out. For example the table can be organized using patterns between atomic numbers, electronegativity, ionization energy, structure (gas or solid) valence electrons and electron configuration (shells) as seen in the modern day periodic table.
The element I have received for my mini project is Nickel (Ni). Nickel is a metal element that is found on period 4, and group 10 in the periodic table. Nickel has a lot of background information behind it like it is considered to be corrosion-resistance. Nickel is known to have 28 electrons and 28 protons its atomic number is also 28. Pure nickel is rarely found on earth and the first pure nickel coin was made in 1881, It also is highly toxic to humans and causes skin allergens, and Russia is the largest producer of nickel.
Isotopes are atoms that do not have the same exact amount of neutrons. (Withcott, J. & Laposata, M. 2012). According to Essential environment: The science behind the stories” Isotopes are denoted by their elemental symbol preceded by the mass number, or combined number for protons and neutrons in the atom”. Ions are are atoms that become power driven or a blend of atoms.(Withcott, J. & Laposata, M. 2012). According to Essential environment: The science behind the stories” Ions are denoted by their elemental symbol followed by their ionic charge.
The placement of hydrogen and helium on the Periodic Table causes many of the mistakes, anomalies and exceptions in the rules it follows. First, hydrogen is a non-metal, but it is placed on the metal side due to its atomic number and because it only has one valence electron. Placing the element in the middle of the table keeps hydrogen from being falsely labeled as an alkali metal and keeps it from being classified as a metal since it isn’t identified with a specific column or group. Secondly, helium is a noble gas, but it has two valence electrons, which means it should be in group two. However, it is a non-metal so putting it in group two would also be inaccurate. To fix this, we also put helium in the center and used color coding to match
From discovering elements, to the creation of the periodic table, to determining new trends, scientists continue to build upon and enhance existing knowledge of the basic components of chemistry. Chemists, as well as many other researchers, rely heavily on the periodic table of elements and its many properties that are widely accepted and believed to hold true. These elements are arranged on the periodic table according to their atomic number or the number of protons in the nucleus. How the properties of the elements correspond to their placement on the table is referred to as the periodic law or periodicity. The periodicity of early periodic tables was mostly relevant and accurate and for the lighter elements, those located in the first five rows of the periodic table, because they were more easily accessible and cheap. However, for the heavier elements starting in row six, some
Even before he knew anything about the atom or its behavior, a Russian scientist by the name of Dmitry Mandeleev was able to organize known elements of the time by their common properties. He noticed that the properties would appear periodically and began organizing the elements in columns that shared those similar properties. Thus, the periodic table was born.2 In this lab session, the chemical and periodic properties of several substances were observed to determine trends and differences among them. These properties include, but are not limited to, acidity and basicity, the production of gases,
Can you believe that in 1869 Russian Chemist Dimitri Mendeleev arranged the chemical elements by atomic mass and started the development of the periodic table. After this Henry Gwyn Moseley was an English Physicist and Developed Mosley's which sorted the chemical elements of the periodic table in a logical order based on physics. Before all the naturally occurring elements were discovered the periodic table was used to predict chemical and physical properties of elements in the gaps of the table. The periodic table can now be used to predict properties of elements yet to be discovered. It can also be used to predict types of chemical reactions. The Periodic
Dimitri Mendeleev a Russian chemist began the periodic table in 1869. He began by rearranging the elements by their atomic mass. He left blank spaces since there was a lot more discovery to be made later down the road. A physicist named Atonie Bequerel was the first to discover radioactivity. Ernest Rutherford was the first to discover alpha, beta, and gamma rays. Noble gases, electrons, protons, lanthanides and actinides were also discovered by several other scientists. The periodic table began with just forty-seven elements, and now we have over one-hundred. We are at one-hundred and eighteen to be exact, and who knows, we may or may not discover more in the future.
The periodic table is one of the most known things in science. It has elements, metals, non-metals, solids, liquids and gases. The beginning of the periodic table starts back in 1669 when a German merchant and alchemist named Hennig Brad began creating a Philosophers Stone. He then discovered Phosphorus. A few years later in 1809 47 elements had been discovered, in 1863 chemist John Newlands began forming the elements in groups and discovering more which was a total of 56 he divided them into 11 groups. The development of the periodic table began in 1869 by a man named Dimitri Mendeleev arranging the element by there atomic mass he also thought of other elements that may be discovered eventually so he
A nucleus is specified by its number of protons Z, number of neutrons N, and the mass number A = Z+N. The nucleons (protons and neutrons) in a nucleus are bound together - their total energy is less than the total energy of the separated particles. The binding energy is the amount of energy given up when the nucleus is formed. Plotting the binding energy per nucleon versus the mass number A (Figure 1) shows that starting from Hydrogen, nuclei become more stable as there are more protons and neutrons, until Iron. After that, the trend reverses.