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GDP in the Golden Age: Economic Analysis of the UK and Germany

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Outlined in previous sections, in terms of GDP, Germany outperformed the United Kingdom in the Golden Age by a vast amount. Consequently the important question to ask is, what were the causes of such a great difference in GDP between the two countries mentioned, during that period of time.

Although the UK made several mistakes, resulting in their disappointing performance, Germany’s success in the Golden age is the main reason for such a difference in gross domestic product and therefore the main talking point when it comes to economic analysis.

As one determinant of GDP is exports, it is relevant to discuss the matter with relevance to the UK and Germany. As mention in the literature review, during 1955-1960 exports in Germany …show more content…

In addition, Germany’s growing labour force, from immigrants pre-Berlin wall, assisted in creating wage moderation and this helped to sustain German investment. By contrast, the UK had a society that lacked national unions together with a government that was incapable of harmonizing wage bargaining. The UK, at the end of 1950, had more than seven hundred separate trade unions and only 186 were affiliated with the Trade union Congress (Eichengreen, 2007 p 123). For this reason, the power of the TUC was very limited as fragmented relations meant industries simply set wages at what they liked with no regard to the economy. Consequently owners, unsure of their future, paid out profits rather than invested in capacity expansion and modernization. The UK’s difficulty in stimulating investment, economy-wide resulted in chronic pressure on wages. As such the UK saw unit labour costs rise by 50%, whereas Germany’s hardly rose (Eichengreen, 2007 p96). Although the UK government sought union assent to a pro-growth program of wage restraint, it was rejected by the TUC. The UK didn’t adopt planning strategies for investment in mobility so it suffered. In contrast Germany’s free market orientation made it a success. Furthermore, the German government provided tax breaks for investment but not for firms paying out profit as dividends. This further increased the

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