PFO1/4E Essay

One hundred and fifty two of the trees surveyed were dead (7.1%), with 81 of those (53.29%) situated in the Green Prairie management unit (Figure 9). Sixty seven out of this 152 trees (44%) were unable to identified and classified as Unknown. Of the percentage that could be identified, Black/Red Oak and Black Cherry presented the bigger frequencies (50 and 16, respectively).

Comparison of the species and their importance values in the sampled communities of the opposing sides of Coal Road clearly showed a dominant species in the burned region while a more shared community in the unburned region. In the burned region, chestnut oak dominated the area with an importance value of 157.84 compared to the rest of the tree species ranging from 11 to 49. On the other hand, in the unburned side the species were similarly distributed with chestnut oak and scarlet oak having the largest importance values of 58.67 and 53.40 respectively. However, the other tree species followed rather closely; mockernut hickory had an importance value of 37.67, blackgum had an importance value of 35.34, and the rest of the species’ importance values ranged from 10 to 25. Species diversity is usually characterized by an absence of a dominant species. This implicates the unburned side of Coal Road has greater diversity than the burned side. This differs from our hypothesis, as we predicted the prescribed fire region would produce more species diversity while the unburned side would exhibit less species

By conducting this investigation it was discovered that there is no significant relationship between velocity and channel length based on the significance level chosen by the investigator. However, there is a significant relationship between discharge and channel length that can be mathematically shown. As a result, this investigation determines that it is inconclusive on whether or not velocity increases as Fanno Creek moves further downstream. Therefore, the answer to the question (Does Fanno Creek in Beaverton, Oregon follow trends displayed by the Bradshaw Model?) is yes, which was the same as the original hypothesis is. As for discharge the original hypothesis is rejected since the graphs provided by the data shows a negative

Their influence may be hard to see in 2017, but leading up the years the surviving trees provided optimal growing conditions. Experience secondary succession, the surviving trees started

The flower changes our ecosystem by the aggressive growth and dense thickets that exclude most native shrubs and herbs from establishing in our ecosystems.( “ Multiflora Rose” SHRUBS and SUBSHRUBS).

The manuscript "Flammability of the keystone savannah bunchgrass Aristida stricta” addresses the importance of Aristida stricta on shaping ecosystem dynamics in species rich pine savannah along southeastern USA. The research is carefully planned, conducted, and most of it is clearly written and explained. The manuscript needs some clarifications and need to remove or add sentences at various places.

It’s a type of wetland that the ecosystem categorized from the bad drained organic soils and plant life controlled by grass. There are common from the center of the river. Marsh plant usually slow down after the flow of the water allows all the goodness like the nutrients that provides it to develop.

SZLINETH states that this location is a beach with relic ridges or a vegetated dune compared to Washington_NLCD_erd_032200, which recognizes it as a value of 42 which indicates evergreen forest and areas characterized by trees where 75% or more of the tree species maintain their leaves all

The heathland is an environment dominated by low-growing woody vegetation, distinguished by its acidic soils and open landscape, it is commonly situated on free-draining infertile grounds. The generally shrubby flora does not thrive here but rather survives in these dry harsh conditions, due to the plants adapting over time to this habitat suiting themselves to it. The rocky heathland of Springbrook Nation Park resembles the flora found in a beachy environment as it’s canopy comprises of low-level stunted trees including: Sedges, Wattles, tea trees, banksias, small she oaks and small eucalyptuses.

Results among the site showed a trend for increased species richness and basal area after the open field site. However, the open field had the highest percent cover of grasses compared to the other sites at 55%. Grass percent cover was low in the 20-year old pine stand which was 2.4% and began to increase slightly at the mixed hardwoods site at 4.6%. Basal area was highest at the mixed hardwood site and was lowest at the open field where there were little to no trees.

In contrast, since the McCraney Valley site experienced a large amount of tree removal in 2012 (Oakville, 2009) and no follow up strategies were undertaken, the bank risk of McCraney Valley is significantly higher than the other three sites (reaches the highest score at 34.74). All visited sections of McCraney (section 11-15) are classified as high risk (refer to Appendix 5: Risk Rating Scheme of 20 Study Sections); Specifically, removing ash trees leads to the extreme lack of canopy coverage, which is a crucial X variable, resulting in a high Y variable (bank risk). Moreover, all the study sections of Munn’s Creek are considered medium risk and high risk because the natural condition is poor in terms of canopy cover based on the rating scheme.(refer to Appendix 4, Bank Risk Assessment of Munn’s Creek). For example, from our observations, there are only a small amount of ash trees that exist along the stream within Munn’s Creek. As a result, if Munn’s Creek is planning to remove ash trees in 2019 (Oakville, 2009), very careful thought out management plans must be executed to ensure the bank risk does not increase too drastically.

In this experiment we tested the effects of soil pH, soil moisture, organic horizon thickness, and slope of the hill, on the species dominance of specific trees along a hill in Charlottesville, Virginia, a city within the Appalachian mountain range. There were 5 transects, distinguished by pink tape, that started at the North end of the Hill and progressed down, then up the south side of the hill. Our data was then reflected upon F.E. Clements organismic approach, And Ramensky and Gleason 's individualistic approach. The patterns between each variable and the survivability of the trees there, allow us to understand the species variation and each species dominance at the site. We hypothesized that the variations in community ecology would influence other variables, and the tree species surviving in that space. However, we found that the p-values for each variable we tested against each other, moisture vs. pH, moisture vs. organic horizon, and pH vs. organic horizon, were not significant values, rejecting our null hypothesis. These findings at Ohill show the influence each variable has on the tree relative frequency and basal area. Understanding the various environmental conditions that affect our forests is doubtfully one of the most important factors in the survivorship of our forests ecosystems as they cover 30% of the land area on earth (Sandrine et al. 2006). The variables tested, although only sampled in a small sample size, reflect key issues in forests around the

Chlorophyll a averaged 0.71µg/cm2 across all sites and sample periods and ranged from 0.03 to 3.42µg/cm2. Before the disturbance, Chl a at the SFD sites was lower at Dry Hollow (mean ±1SE; 0.21 ± 0.08 µg/cm2) than at Sis Hollow (1.11 ± 0.37 µg/cm2). Chl a values were similar between the IFD sites [Point Remove and High Cedar (0.51 ± 0.26 µg/cm2 and 0.69 ± 0.37 respectively)]. They were higher at the LFD site, Powerline, than at Low Cedar (1.84 ± 0.55 and 1.04 ± 0.33 µg/cm2 respectively). There were no differences between control and impacted sites prior to the disturbance (Table 4). There were no statistically significant 2-way rmANOVA interaction terms between the BA and CI factors for any of the flow duration parings

Plants in the campus lodge area in Brocton, NY have a vast variety of different growing conditions and climates. We decided to examine if different soil elevations had an impact on the growth of plants in this area. Foliage

Pristine habitats available for growth sites for high value species also gives a green label to shipped