Panacetin Lab Report

Panacetin is an analgesic (pain reducing) and antipyretic (fever reducing) drug that is sold in drug stores. However, there is a suspicion that this bottle may be counterfeit, not containing the chemicals that it should. Panacetin should be made up of about 50 percent of the unknown component that we previously separated out of Panacetin for testing. We suspect that this unknown compound is either acetanilide or phenacetin, both of which can be toxic to humans. It is very important that this component is

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The round-bottom flask was removed from the heat and cooled to room temperature. Once the solution had cooled to room temperature, The solution was then neutralized with drops of NaHCO3 (GLR) until its pH was 7. After the solution was neutralized, the flask was put on ice so the crystals would precipitate. The crystals were then collected using vacuum filtration, rinsing with cold ethanol. The crystals were placed in a glass vial and allowed to dry for 24 hours.

The reactivity and regioselectivity of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of 3-azidopropane-1,2-diol (1) with diacetylene derivatives (2a, 2b and 2c) have been investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) -based on reactivity indices and activation energy calculations at B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory in the gas phase. The potential energy surface analyses for both reactions are in agreement with the experimental observations. Moreover, our calculations on the geometries, bond orders (BOs) and charge transfers (CTs) at the transition state (TS) structures shows which these 1,3-DC reactions occur via an synchronous concerted mechanism, and unfavorable TSs are more asynchronous than the favorable

Somatostatin is a regulatory hormone or tissue factor playing an inhibitory role in the normal regulation of several organ systems including hypothalamus and pituitary gland, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract as well as pancreas.

The goal of the recrystallization laboratory is to purify chemicals by dissolving their impurities. Both acetanilide and benzoic acid will be utilized as our impure solids. By adding small quantities of solvents such as ethanol and water, we will be able to isolate the impurities and extract them from the solution. What is left will be a solution pure enough to form solid precipitates (crystals). The crystals will be isolated using a Buchner funnel and vacuum filtration.

Once recrystallization was formed, the melting point, crystals obtained, and percent recovery were discovered. The overall result of the lab was accurate because 33.8% of the crystals were recovered. However, the percentage was not reliable enough to say the experiment was 100% successful. The percentage was low due to human error which consisted of spilling some of the solution that had crystals along with the impurities not being all the way washed out during the gravity filtration. The results were a little biased due to the fact crystals were spilled and not obtained after the vacuum filtration.

Introduction: The experiment's goal was to determine the freezing point of a pure solvent and the freezing point depressions of two solutions. The freezing point and the freezing point depressions were determined by graphing the temperature of the pure solvent and two solutions as they cooled and observing when crystals first formed.

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Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize, isolate, purify and characterize acetanilide. Acetanilide was purified via recrystallization and its purity was checked using its melting range and thin layer chromatography. Our results yielded a very pure product.

This experiment introduces separation and purification methods used in research quite frequently. These methods include hot vacuum filtration and recrystallization to purify a crude sample of acetanilide containing two impurities. Recrystallization is a very common method that is used to purify solids. This process dissolves a crude solid with impurities in a mildly boiling solvent, and cooling down the mixture afterwards for crystals to reconstruct themselves in solution. This method allows impurities to separate and remain in solution as precipitate or remain uniform in solution. Solids are more soluble in hot solvents than in cold ones, allowing maximum dissolution for proper separation and subsequent crystallization to occur. After purifying the compound, the melting point is determined using the Mel-Temp technology to compare to the written melting point to see how pure the sample truly is. The proper steps of recrystallization include selecting a solvent that fits the characteristic of all the components, water in this experiment. Then, dissolving a crude sample in the chosen solvent (at or close to the solvent boiling point), forming solid in the solution as cooling takes place, using vacuum filtration to isolate the purified solid, ridding the crystals of all impurities through drying. In this experiment, recrystallization allows purification of 150 mg of crude acetanilide. Hot vacuum filtration is a process used. The process requires using a filter flask, Pasteur

The solid was collected by vacuum filtration. A thin layer chromatography was run on the crude solid, the recrystallized solid and the filtrate from the recrystallization. The solid was dried until the next lab period, and was then weighed and a melting point was taken. For the TLC analysis 3 x’s were drawn on the bottom portion of a TLC plate for the origins. A small amount of the crude Nitroacetanilide was dissolved in warm ethanol and spotted on the TLC plate. A small amount of the recrystallized Nitroacetanilide was dissolved in warm ethanol and spotted on the same TLC plate, and the same was done for the filtrate. A UV lamp was used to ensure that the right amount of sample was being used, then the plate was eluted in ethyl acetate. The plate was removed when the solvent had reached about 3⁄4 of the way to the top. The solvent was marked with the UV lamp, and the spots were circled to record in the lab notebook.

There is considerable interest in predicting the permeability arising from the detonation of explosives emplaced in low permeability geological formations. These predictions would be useful for applications such as hydrogeology (Sarbhukan, 1990), massive explosive stimulation of tight gas reservoirs (Li and Xue, 2000), shale gas formations (Guo et al, 2014), coal gasification (Zhu et al, 2013), stimulation of geothermal reservoirs (Austin et al, 1973), and fracturing oil shale with explosives (Miller and Johansen, 1976). It is well known that energy released during blasting causes damage in the surrounding rocks in the form of micro to macro cracks, which increases the permeability of rocks. It is therefore of prime importance in reservoir

Therefore, if a solid is first dissolved in an amount of hot solvent that does not dissolve it when cold, crystals should form when the hot solution is allowed to cool. The second step is using hot vacuum filtration, which removes the insoluble impurities from the hot mixture. The acetanilide given to us had two impurities, one soluble and one insoluble in the hot water. The insoluble impurity can be removed after the acetanilide is dissolved in the hot solvent and filtered. Most of the solvent may be evaporated from the crystals as the vacuum pulls the air through the crystals on the funnel, but the acetanilide will still contain the more soluble impurity. It is important to let the solution cool slowly in order for the molecules to line up in an organized way and form the crystals. We also need to make sure that the filter flask in clamped and that we use the appropriate tubes for the vacuum as well as the appropriate sized filter paper. After letting the solution cool, we begin the process of recrystallization in order to remove the soluble impurity.

Azam khan a, Umair Alam a, Danish Ali a, Detlef Bahnemann b, M. Muneer a,*