Introduction to Hospitality Industry
The hospitality industry is part of a larger enterprise known as the travel and tourism industry. It is one of the oldest industries in the world. In early days, traders, explorers, missionaries and pilgrims needed a break in their journeys requiring food, shelter and rest. People opened their homes and kitchens to these weary travellers, and an industry was born. Although accommodation today is varied and their services have changed and expanded over the ages, one thing about the hospitality industry has remained the same, guests are always welcome! From a friendly greeting at the door, room service, breakfast, to a host of facilities' the hospitality industry offers travellers a home away from
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6000 for some rooms, but it could also mean that the actual number of customers who turn up for Rs. 6000 could be 60 or even 40 with some probability, or 80 or 30 with a lesser probability.
Two Prices: Two Market Segments
Price
P1
P2
Q1 Q2 Quantity Supplied
Overbooking: Overbooking is a practice of intentionally selling more rooms than available in order to offset the effect of cancellations. For example, suppose in the hotel industry, there are 180 rooms available, there is no certainity that all the rooms would be booed at a point of time. In the same way, during the season, there is a possibility of over booking. Therefore if the booking is done 181 customers instead of
180, the hotel may end up with only 173 or less than 180 customers.since the probability of exactly 181 customers turning up is low, the revenue from that aditional customer generally compensates more than the expected cost. For this example, the optimal number of customers that can be booked would be 186 as illustrated in the following figure.
Overbooking: Determining the optimal level
Revenue
Revenue
Gain Net Revenue
Sales Revenue
Overbooking cost
Capacity Overbook Qty
IIMK Part VII – Tourism Infrastructure, Technology & Operations IIML
Conference on Tourism in India – Challenges Ahead, 15-17 May 2008, IIMK 273
Revenue Management as a Business Process
Classification of Hotels
Hotels are classified into five main types:
• Economy / limited -service hotels
At breakeven, Q=6,658 paying customers who will be in attendance with an additional .25 x 6,658 = 1,665 comp customers.
The data collected depicts a sample size of 200, taken from that of recent customers whom have stayed at
keep an existing customer than finding new ones. A major part of the customer service, especially in a retailing
30. The manager of the local National Video Store sells videocassette recorders at discount prices. If the store does not have a video recorder in stock when a customer wants to buy one, it will lose the sale because the customer will purchase a recorder from one of the many local competitors. The problem is that the cost of renting warehouse space to keep enough recorders in inventory to meet all demand is excessively high. The manager has determined that if 90% of customer demand for recorders can be met, then the combined cost of lost sales and inventory will be minimized. The manager has estimated that monthly demand for recorders is normally distributed, with a mean of 180 recorders and a standard deviation of 60. Determine the number of recorders the manager should order each month to meet 90% of customer demand.
The difference in profitability between the two customers is a direct result of the large variance in number of orders between Customer A & B. While Customer A had 12 different orders, Customer B had 100 different orders, which cost nearly $9,000 more than the cost for Customer A. (See Number of Orders cost in section iii.)
In (Table 3) and (Table 4) we apply these allocation rates with Customers A and B to illustrate how costs are affected by the ordering habits of customers
The scope of the hospitality industry refers to the range of businesses that provide services and facilities. The hospitality economy is one of the country’s key industries with huge growth prospects in jobs. In employment terms, restaurant are easily the largest sector, closely followed by a pubs, bars and club with the hotel sector growing more slowly, and the contract food service sector holding steady .
This pricing decision aimed at limiting the number of visitors so that they could also increase their margin per ticket sold and get closer to the “willing to pay” price level. After a market survey, it became clear that guests felt that they got value for money.
Very large customers accounted for 70% of business and no single customer accounted for more than 2 %
And the maximum payoff (as per [3] above) for serving 50 customers will be (150 – 100) x 50= $2500.
1).The relationship between Hospitality and Tourism: Tourism and hospitality go hand in hand, the hospitality industry offer services like accommodation, transportation, food and beverage, recreation and leisure. Tourism is the activity by the tourists where they engage in travelling to destinations where they want to experience recreational and leisure activities and most of the time avails of accommodation, food and beverage. The hospitality industry is the supplier of the services for tourism. The meaning of hospitality is providing a safe and enjoyable environment for patrons. It also means responsibly serving liquor, to ensure that patrons do not become unduly intoxicated and subsequently a problem for management, staff and the
Noone, B. M., & Lee, C. (2011). Hotel Overbooking: The Effect of Overcompensation on Customers’ Reactions t
There is a variety of risks in the hotel industry that can be divided into four main categories:
Customers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
complex. The basic objective here is that of taking the cost of expected production operations in the