Physics Test Questions

Ancient Greek astronomers made some amazing mathematical and philosophical discovers about our universe. From the Hellenistic Greek observations in approximately 300 B.C.E., to the invention of the first telescope in the seventeenth century, to the launching of today’s space probes, one thing is evident: astrological observations are imperative to creating a calendar.

The moon, similar to other stars, is in a perpetual motion. “The cycle of the phases and the Moon’s changing position against the stars are caused by the Moon’s orbital motion around the Earth.” (Thomas. Page 27) The Position of the Moon toward the Sun and the Earth determine its phases. In addition, when the Moon and the Earth are in the same line with the Sun, Eclipses can occur. During this Lab activity, I try to understand the phases of the Moon and Eclipses by studding the moon phase diagram and by simulating the Moon’s motions. The result of this simulation are presented in the next part of this document.

The Sun is at one foci and there is nothing at the other foci. He explained when a planet is closest to the Sun, perihelion, the planet moved faster. When the planet is farthest from the Sun, aphelion, it moved slower. Kepler derived a formula that stated the area the planet moved is equal to the time it took for the planet to move. This theory determined that motion was not uniform as geocentric theorists had believed. Kepler's third law gave astronomers the ability to calculate the distance of the planets. He stated that the orbital period cubed is equal to the distance of the planets

An exoplanet can be defined as a planet that orbits a star outside the solar system. One of the many exoplanets that could possibly be habitable in the near future are far away. For example, Kepler-186 is around 500 light years aways to put that in perspective that is around 5,878,625,373,183.607731 Miles away. That is why we know so little about these planets that could support life on them.

Kepler was a German astronomer, mathematician, astrologists and a natural philosopher who discovered three major laws of planetary motion: the plantes move in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus, area law and harmonic law. The area law is time necessary to traverse any arc of a planetary orbit is proportional to the are of the sector between the central body and that arc. The harmonic law is an exact relationship between the squares of the plantes periodic

19) Suppose we discover a comet that orbits the Sun every 100 years. What would be this planet’s average distance (semi-major axis) from the

His use of mathematics in his theory eliminated many of the inconsistencies that existed in the geocentric theory such as the elliptical movements of the planets. Copernicus said in his Heliocentric Statement, which was written sometime after 1520, "What appears to us as motions of the sun arise not from its motion but from the motion of the earth and our sphere, with which we revolve about the sun like any other planet. The earth has, then, more than one motion."3

The Solar System By Serenity Engel, Kahnicka Hoffman and Kendra Hylle World Geography, Period 1 I. The Solar System Our group is going to be informing you today about the mighty solar system! A solar system is made up of a sun, or star, and all of the countless objects revolving around it. Our solar system REALLY makes the world go 'round!

The First Law of Planetary Motion, which is The Law of Ellipses, states that The path of the planets around the sun is elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus. It took five years of measuring the motion of Mars across the sky for

Ptolemy dismisses these contrary ideas, but not without consideration. “For the sake of argument,” he says, he entertains the idea that the earth does in fact rotate (Ptolemy 74). In order for earth to rotate once a day, given its size, the speed of rotation

(Frova 41) Galileo’s confirmation of Copernican’s heliocentric theory explained through logical arguments and mathematical laws clearly the answers to these difficulties.

Nicolas Copernicus developed his own heliocentric model putting the sun at the center of the solar system with the earth as one of the planets revolving around the fixed sun, once a year, and turning on its axis once a day. (By Cynthia Stokes Brown)

Finally, modern culture has adopted the heliocentric system whereas ancient culture had a geocentric system. The geocentric model of Plato could not explicate the retrograde motion of the planets. In the second century AD, Ptolemy proposed his refined geocentric model. A planet rotates in a diminutive circle, known as an epicycle, and the center of the epicycle rotates along a more astronomically immense circle around the Earth in the Ptolemaic macrocosm. The centers of the epicycles of Mercury and Venus must lie on the line joining the Earth and the Sun. Stars are fine-tuned on an outermost sphere. This model can predict the positions of the planets within a few degrees from their true positions. This was generally accepted and the Ptolemaic

Though many believe Galileo invented the telescope, this statement is false. Though he did not invent it, he much farther improved it. Using

The outer or the slow moving planets are a significant, even overarching presence in any horoscope in Vedic astrology and their transits also represent considerable shifts in energies and Karma which influence us at