(1) Explain the concept of convection heat transfer. What are the methods used for calculating the heat transfer coefficient.
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- QUESTION 2 Copper fins, 2.1 cm long and 2.1 mm in diameter, are attached to a base plate at 75 °C. A fan blows air through and around this fins at 29 °C providing an average convection coefficient of 21 W m-2 K-1. Estimate the heat dissipated through each of these fins, in milliwatt (mW). Assume negligible heat transfer though the tips. The conductivity of copper may be taken to be 400 W m-1 K-1.Engine Oil at 58.95 degrees celsius Flows over a 5m long flat plate whose temperature is 20.11 degrees celsius with a velocity of 2.2m/s. Determine the rate of heat transfer (W), considering forced convection, per unit width of the entire plate. Density = 876kg/m^3 Thermal conductivity = 0.144W/m-K Pr = 2870 dynamic viscosity = 0.21kg/m-s Q = ?A composite plane wall consisting of materials, 1.5-in steel (k = 312 BTU-in/HR.ft2.0F) and 2-in aluminum (k = 1400 BTU-in/HR.ft2.0F), separates a hot gas at Ti = 2000F, hi = 2 BTU/HR.ft2.0F, from cold gas at To = 80 deg F, ho = 5. If the hot fluid is on the aluminum side, find: a) Transmittance, U; b) The heat through 100 sq. ft of the surface under steady state condition and c) The interface temperature at the junction of the metals.
- Q1:(a) Define convection and its types. Either free or forced convection is good by considering an example. (b)Explain, motorcycle engine is either considered as free or forced convection. Justify your answer.For laminar free convection flow on a vertical plate, a popular correlation 1/4 is Nu, = CRa,*. Derive the values of C from the similarity solution. for Pr = 0.01, 1, 10, and 100. %3D Nu, = hL. = C Ra k (9.24) gB(T, – T)L³ va Ra = Gri Pr = (9.25) 4 GrL 1/4 hL Nu k 8(Pr) %3D 4 0.75Pr2 (0.609 + 1.221Pr2 + 1.238Pr)4 g(Pr) (9.20) 4/3HEAT TRANSFER From the heat transfer property table of water, the properties at 20 0C are as follows: Density = 997.36 kg/m3 Kinematic viscosity = 1.026 × 10-6 m2/s Prandtl number = 7.17 (i) Thickness of hydrodynamic boundary layer = 9.24 mm (ii) Thickness of thermal boundary layer = 4.79 mm (iii)Local friction coefficient = 0.001228 Average friction coefficient = 0.002456 ANSWER QUESTION (iv) ,(vi) and B
- The heat transfer from a 3 m diameter sphere to a 27 deg C air stream over a time interval of one hour is 4000 kJ. Estimate the surface temperature of the sphere if the heat transfer coefficient is 15 W/m^2K.A food product with 80% moisture content in a 5 cm diameter can wants to be frozen. The density of the product is 1000 kg / m cubic, the thermal conductivity is 1.0 W / (m K), and the initial freezing temperature is -1.75 ° C. After 10 hours in -25 ° C freezing medium, the product temperature becomes -10 ° C. Estimate the convection heat transfer coefficient of the freezing medium. Assume the can as an infinite cylinderA Deep-sea Diver is wearing a wetsuit in cold water. (Natural convection, radiative transfer is negligible). The following data are given: Water Temperature Te= 10 Degrees Celsius. Wetsuit thickness is equivalent to a 8mm neoprene rubber (thermal conductivity is 0.19 W/m-K), Skin thickness is 1.45mm, Skin thermal conductivity is 0.21 W/m-k. Body temperature below skin Tb= 37 degrees Celsius. Average Air gap thickness is 1mm, air thermal conductivity = 0.027 w/m-K. a) Draw a complete equivalent thermal circuit and show all parameters. b) Calculate the flux of heat loss from the diver (in W/m^2 of body surface area) c) Calculate the temperature of the skin outer surface (Ts) d) Based on your calculations is the wetsuit adequate to keep the diver warm enough? Why?
- Solution on all other sites including this site are wrong Only attempt if previously not attempted. Answer part a and b A) Among the nondimensional numbers, in free convection, average Nusselt number depends on only Grashof and Prandtl numbers. only Grashof number. Rayleigh number. Reynolds number. B) For ideal gases, the specific heat capacity at constant pressure, thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and Prandtl number are independent of pressure. How will the ratio of thicknesses of velocity boundary layer and thermal boundary layer change if pressure is increased from 1 atm to 5 atm for the flow of an ideal gas over a flat plate? We need to know the actual fluid properties to tell It will remain the same. It will decrease by a factor of 5. It will increase by a factor of 5.A car's rear window is defogged by the passage of hot air over its inner surface. If the hot air is at T∞, i = 40 °C and the corresponding convection heat transfer coefficient is hi = 30 W/(m²K), what are the temperatures of the inner and outer surfaces of the glass, which has 4 mm thick, if the outdoor ambient air temperature for T∞, e = −10 °C and the associated convective coefficient for he = 65 W/(m²K)?Small potato balls of 0.5 cm radius (can be approximated as a sphere) baked in the oven and initially at a uniform temperature of 170°C. Assume, potatoes have a density of 650 kg/m³, specific heat of 3400 J/kgk and conductivity of 1 W/mK. You want to eat potatoes quickly without burning your tongue so that you have decided to cool them down with forced convection. Air h, Te hot potato initially @ T; Air temperature is 20°C and the convective heat transfer coefficient is 80 W/m?K. Calculate the time (in seconds) required for its surface temperature to drop 130°C. Round the value you calculated and write it as an integer!!! For example, if you find 8.2, write is as 8. Answer: