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- 1. Which of the following drugs is not a cardioselective beta-blocker? *A. EsmololB. AtenololC. PropranololD. MetoprololE. Bisoprolol 2. It is the ability of a drug to initiate cellular effects.A. AgonistB. AntagonistC. EfficacyD. Intrinsic Activity 3. What type of antagonism is exemplified when the interaction of two (2) drugs whoseopposing actions in the body tend to cancel each other’s effect?A. Physiological antagonismB. Pharmacokinetic antagonismC. Chemical antagonismD. Non-competitive antagonismE. Pharmacological antagonism 4. Which enzyme breaks down the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nerve?A. Catechol-O-Methyl TransferaseB. AcetylcholinesteraseC. Monoamine OxidaseD. DecarboxylaseE. CYP isozymes 5. Which drug exhibits similar mechanism of action with Reserpine? *A. VesamicolB. PilocarpineC. Botulinum toxinD. EpinephrineE. Neostigmine 6. Which of the following drugs is not a muscarinic-receptor antagonist used tocounteract cholinergic transmission? *A. UrecholineB.…If drug X has an ED50 of 10 and LD50 of 50. Drug Y has an ED50 of 10 and LD50 of 100. Which of the following statement is correct? A.Drug X is safer than drug Y B.Drug Y is safer than drug X. C.Drug X is more potent than drug Y D.Drug Y is more potent than drug X E.Drug X is less potent than drug YExposure to the compound below is most effectively treated with? CI CI N do= O-P O CH3 CH3 Itranscript O A. atropine & trimethaphan O B. edrophonium and methacholine OC. atropine & pralidoxime O D. pilocarpine & pralidoxime O E. neostigmine OF. IV bolus of acetylcholine
- 1.) Last week’s evaluate question asked why you feel dizzy when you stand up after sitting on a plane for 6 hours. This week, you have been prescribed a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist (β-blocker) and you are going on another 6 hour plane ride (you are a jetsetter!). When you stand up, you feel even more light-headed and dizzy and it takes you a long time to recover. How does the β-blocker contribute to these symptoms? In your answer, consider possible effects of the drug on heart myocardia, smooth muscle of systemic blood vessels, and the baroreceptor reflex. Your answer should be ~4-6 sentences.Some drug actions depend upon interactions with specific ion channels. This discussion is asking you to address the different types of sodium and potassium channels. Include a discussion of hoe different specific types of channels might affect neurotransmitter function.What is the vector of Lead I if amplitude of P-wave is 2mm, amplitude of Q-wave is 1mm, amplitude of R-wave is 10mm, amplitude of S-wave is 3mm, and amplitude of T-wave is 4mm? O a 5mm O b 6mm O c. 7mm Od. 8mm O . none of the above
- Beta blockers are drugs that interfere with stimulation of organs by nerves of the sympathetic system. Would these drugs be useful in treating excessively high blood pressure or excessively low blood pressure?Local anesthetics "block" the action potential and therefore do not allow "pain" information to proceed to the brain and spinal cord. In the presence of these molecules (local anesthetics) 'threshold' is essentially "ignored". The molecules most logically work by: 23. a. Decreasing the intracellular [potassium] b. Blocking the opening of the voltage-gated potassium channels c. Decreasing the extracellular [sodium] d. Blocking the opening of the voltage-gated sodium channelsThe endogenous ligand for an ion channel causes the influx of 50 Na+ ions per second. This ion channel has constitutive activity of 10 Na+ ions per second. If drug A binds to the ion channel and causes the influx of 50 Na+ ions per second, which of the following categories best describes drug A? Group of answer choices full agonist antagonist partial agonist inverse agonist
- Activity of thionamide is potentiated by all of the following, except:A. AnticoagulantsB. Beta blockersC. SulfasalazineD. ACE inhibitorsE. Theophylline33-year- old man was admitted to the hospital for a colonoscopy. An intravenous injection of diazepam was given before the procedure to induce a conscious sedation. Which of the following symptoms did the patient most likely experience upon recovery from sedation? a. Nausea and vomiting O b. Delusional thoughtsD0000000000 O c. Anterograde amnesia Ở d. Increased respiratory rate e. Limb muscle spasmsy "w termta. 3. Increasing the temperature of the Ringer's solution bathing the frog heart will (decrease / increase / have no effect on) the heart rate of the frog. 4. Decreasing the temperature of the Ringer's solution bathing the frog heart will (decrease / increase / have no effect on) the heart rate of the frog. PhysioEx Ex. 6 – Activity 4 1. What effect would a parasympathetic agonist have on heart rate? 2. What effect would a parasympathetic antagonist have on heart rate? 3. What two effects would a sympathetic agonist have on heart rate? 4. What two effects would a sympathetic antagonist have on heart rate? 5. In this lab you applied several drugs to a frog heart. What drug might you administer if you need to increase cardiac output without affecting stroke volume*? 6. In this lab you applied several drugs to a frog heart. What drug might you administer if you need to decrease cardiac output without affecting stroke volume? 7. In this lab you applied several drugs to a frog…