1. Answer the following: a. the concentration of ammonia in the White River water sample was found to be 8 ppm (parts per million).  Parts per million is another unit of concentration, typically used to describe very dilute solutions.  Given that 1 ppm = 1 mg of solute per 1 kg of solution, convert 8 ppm of ammonia in the water sample to its concentration in molarity, assuming that 1 kg of solution = 1 L of solution.   Hint: since 8 ppm = 8 mg of ammonia/1 kg of water sample, determine the moles of ammonia present in the water sample and convert 1 kg to L in order to calculate molarity.   b. Several highly toxic substances were found in the White River, including heavy metal waste from plating solutions and sludge.  These heavy metal ions (Cu 2+, Cr 3+, and Ni 2+) can be removed by reacting with sodium hydroxide to form insoluble metal hydroxides.  Write balanced chemical equations for the following precipitation (double displacement) reactions: CuSO 4 + NaOH → Cr 2(SO 4) 3 + NaOH → NiSO 4 + NaOH →

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
2nd Edition
ISBN:9781305079243
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
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Chapter6: Types Of Chemical Reactions And Solution Stoichiometry
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 123CP: The units of parts per million (ppm) and parts per billion (ppb) are commonly used by environmental...
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1. Answer the following:
a. the concentration of ammonia in the White River water sample was found to be 8 ppm (parts per million).  Parts per million is another unit of concentration, typically used to describe very dilute solutions.  Given that 1 ppm = 1 mg of solute per 1 kg of solution, convert 8 ppm of ammonia in the water sample to its concentration in molarity, assuming that 1 kg of solution = 1 L of solution.
 
Hint: since 8 ppm = 8 mg of ammonia/1 kg of water sample, determine the moles of ammonia present in the water sample and convert 1 kg to L in order to calculate molarity.
 
b. Several highly toxic substances were found in the White River, including heavy metal waste from plating solutions and sludge.  These heavy metal ions (Cu 2+, Cr 3+, and Ni 2+) can be removed by reacting with sodium hydroxide to form insoluble metal hydroxides.  Write balanced chemical equations for the following precipitation (double displacement) reactions:
CuSO 4 + NaOH →
Cr 2(SO 43 + NaOH →
NiSO 4 + NaOH →
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