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Lesson 1: Electric Charge
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- Direction: 1.Determine the number of electron,proton,and neutron in an atom, positive ions(cation)and negative ions(anion). 2. Draw the subatomic particles in proper location inside an atom/anion/cation. 3. Write your answer inside the box and use the symbol of electron, neutron and proton given below.1. Explain the process of excitation, de-excitation, and ionization. 2. What are Lyman, Balmer, and Paschen series of a hydrogen atom? 3. What will be the wavelength of light emitted when in a hydrogen atom an electron jumps from n=5 to n=3 shell? What will be the name of this emission line? What type of telescope/spectroscope (UV, visible, or IR) will you need to observe and record this emission line? 4. You detected a strong Hβ emission line spectrum from your source toward the center of the Milky Way. What can you tell about the nature of the radiation source? 5. An electron in an excited state falls to the ground state by interaction with a free electron. Write the equation to represent this process. Will any photon be emitted in this case? Why or why not? 6. What is optical depth? What happens if a medium is optically think? Optically thin? 7. Using the radiative transfer equation of a simple slab-like absorbing medium with no internal emission source, I = I0 exp(−n σ x), where I0…1. Using all of the rules you have determined, figure out what changes for each of these changes to an atom or ion. If you have new ideas, go back and rewrite your rules. Table 4 What changes also? Element name, charge, Make the change: mass? Add a proton Remove a neutron Remove an electron Add an electron
- 2. A sample of rubidium gas of volume 1 × 10-8 cm³ is cooled until it forms a Bose-Einstein condensate. At a temperature of 250 nK, half of the rubidium atoms are in the condensate. (a) Calculate the number of rubidium atoms in the sample. (b) Describe the apparatus that can be used to create this Bose-Einstein condensate.1. What is the volume of a tank that can hold 18 754 Kg of methanol whose density is 0.788g/cm³? Answer in kg/cm³ Answer in g/cm³ What is the correct significant figures i. ii. iii. 2. Choose if it's carbon, nitrogen or silicon. i. iii. iv. V. Which is the largest ionization energy? Carbon, nitrogen or Silicon? Which is the largest atomic size? Carbon, nitrogen or Silicon? Which is the least electron affinity? Carbon, nitrogen or Silicon? Which is the smallest electronegativity? Carbon, nitrogen or Silicon? Which is the most non-metallic element? Carbon, nitrogen or Silicon?1. The temperature of stars in the universe varies with the type of star and the age of the star among other things. By looking at the shape of the spectrum of light emitted by a star, we can tell something about its average surface temperature. a. If we observe a star's spectrum and find that the peak power density occurs at the border between red and infrared light, what is the approximate surface temperature of the star? (Remember to include units)b. If we observe a star’s spectrum and find that the peak power density occurs at the border between blue and ultraviolet light, what is the surface temperature of the star? (Remember to include units) Submit QuestionQuestion 1
- Use your own words and captured images for each question. Everything around us is made up of different elements. The air has Oxygen and Nitrogen. Plants and people have lots of Carbon. Helium is in balloons. Hydrogen is in water. Open the 'Symbol' screen, then explore to develop your own ideas about how the atomic particles determine the name of an atom or ion. 1. What determines the element? 2. Test your idea by identifying the element for the 3 cases. Insert captured images. Table 3 example Atom or Ion has What Element is it? # of protons: 6 # of neutrons: 6 1 # of electrons: 6 # of protons: 7 # of neutrons: 6 2 # of electrons: 6 # of protons: 6 3 # of neutrons: 7 # of electrons: 71. How do electrons move? 2. How to create continuous flow of electron? 3. Draw the diagram and explain how a dry cell (1.5-volt battery) produces voltage. 4. How does a Van de Graaff Generator works? 5. Explain why “Danger! High Current!” is technically more precise than the common notion of the usual statement “Danger! High Voltage!” posted on different voltage sources.About how big is an atom? a. too small to measure b. about a millionth of a meter across c. about a billionth of a meter across d. about a trillionth of a meter across e. none of the above
- 1. Why do you think electrons are the ones mostly transferred in the charging process? 2. What does it mean when an object's charge is quantized? 3. How does charging by conduction differ from charging by induction? 4. Is it possible for an object to have a lot of electrons but remain neutrally charge? Why or why not? 5. Why is the charge of proton or electron considered as the natural unit of charge?Describe how the hydrogen atom might absorb a photon of energy less than 13.6 eV. Describe a process by which a 9.8-eV photon might be absorbed. What about a 15.2-eV photon?Task 1: Use your own words and captured images for each question. Open the Atom' screen, then explore to develop your own ideas about the atomic particles that make up atoms and ions. 1. What particles go in the centre of the atom? What is the centre called? 2. Explore until you discover a good rule for making the centre of the atom stable. 3. What seems to make the centre of the atom unstable? 4. Fill in the table to identify three examples – at least 1 stable and at least 1 unstable – that shows your rules for stability work to “build an atom" of your own. Table 1 Capture and paste your atom Is it stable or unstable? What is in your What element is nucleus? it? 1 3 Taelt 1.