1. Let Sn denote a directed graph with n vertices, numbered from 1 to n, in which there are edges from vertex 1 to all other vertices, and from all other vertices back to vertex 1, but no other edges. Write the Python adjacency list representation for S6.
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- 5. (This question goes slightly beyond what was covered in the lectures, but you can solve it by combining algorithms that we have described.) A directed graph is said to be strongly connected if every vertex is reachable from every other vertex; i.e., for every pair of vertices u, v, there is a directed path from u to v and a directed path from v to u. A strong component of a graph is then a maximal subgraph that is strongly connected. That is all vertices in a strong component can reach each other, and any other vertex in the directed graph either cannot reach the strong component or cannot be reached from the component. (Note that we are considering directed graphs, so for a pair of vertices u and v there could be a path from u to v, but no path path from v back to u; in that case, u and v are not in the same strong component, even though they are connected by a path in one direction.) Given a vertex v in a directed graph D, design an algorithm for com- puting the strong connected…Given a graph that is a tree (connected and acyclic). (I) Pick any vertex v.(II) Compute the shortest path from v to every other vertex. Let w be the vertex with the largest shortest path distance.(III) Compute the shortest path from w to every other vertex. Let x be the vertex with the largest shortest path distance. Consider the path p from w to x. Which of the following are truea. p is the longest path in the graphb. p is the shortest path in the graphc. p can be calculated in time linear in the number of edges/verticesDraw a tree with 14 vertices Draw a directed acyclic graph with 6 vertices and 14 edges Suppose that your computer only has enough memory to store 40000 entries. Which best graph data structure(s) – you can choose more than 1 -- should you use to store a simple undirected graph with 200 vertices, 19900 edges, and the existence of edge(u,v) is frequently asked? - Adjacency Matrix - Adjacency List - Edge List
- Q2 a Let G be a graph. We say that a set of vertices C form a vertex cover if every edge of G is incident to at least one vertex in C. We say that a set of vertices I form an independent set if no edge in G connects two vertices from I. For example, if G is the graph above, C = [b, d, e, f, g, h, j] is a vertex cover since each of the 20 edges in the graph has at least one endpoint in C, and I = [a, c, i, k] is an independent set because none of these edges appear in the graph: ac, ai, ak, ci, ck, ik. In the example above, notice that each vertex belongs to the vertex cover C or the independent set I. Do you think that this is a coincidence? In the above graph, clearly explain why the maximum size of an independent set is 5. In other words, carefully explain why there does not exist an independent set with 6 or more vertices.A path of length two is denoted by P2. If a graph G does not contain P2 as induced subgraph, then: 1) All vertices must be adjacent to each other. 2) The graph must be connected. 3) There must be an edge between every pair of vertices. 4) Every vertex must have degree n-1, where n is the number of vertices in the graph.3. From the graph above determine the vertex sequence of the shortest path connecting the following pairs of vertex and give each length: a. V & W b. U & Y c. U & X d. S & V e. S & Z 4. For each pair of vertex in no. 3 give the vertex sequence of the longest path connecting them that repeat no edges. Is there a longest path connecting them?
- Given a graph that is a tree (connected and acyclic). (1) Pick any vertex v. (II) Compute the shortest path from v to every other vertex. Let w be the vertex with the largest shortest path distance. (III) Compute the shortest path from w to every other vertex. Let x be the vertex with the largest shortest path distance. Consider the path p from w to x. Which of the following are true a. p is the longest path in the graph b. p is the shortest path in the graph c. p can be calculated in time linear in the number of edges/vertices a,c a,b a,b,c b.cWrite a Java program to find the Adjacency Matrix Representation using Directed Graph. а. Insert new nodes and directed edge between two nodes b. Display the representation0 Give me examples of Suns graph Suns : Recall that a graph is chordal if it contains no induced cycles of length at least 4. A sun Sn is a chordal graph on 2n vertices (n3) whose vertex set can be partitioned into sets W = {w1, w2,...,wn} and U = {u1, u2,...,un} such that W is independent and ui is adjacent to wj if and only if i=jor i =j+1 (mod n) If U induces a complete graph then the graph is called the complete sun. 712 (Sn) = n. Proposition: For n>3,
- Represent the following graph using an edge array, a list of edge objects, an adjacency matrix, an adjacency vertex list, and an adjacency edge list, respectively.In graph theory, graph coloring is a special case of graph labeling; it is an assignment of labels traditionally called "colors" to elements of a graph subject to certain constraints. In its simplest form, it is a way of coloring the vertices of a graph such that no two adjacent vertices share the same color; this is called a vertex coloring. The chromatic number of a graph is the least mumber of colors required to do a coloring of a graph. Example Here in this graph the chromatic number is 3 since we used 3 colors The degree of a vertex v in a graph (without loops) is the number of edges at v. If there are loops at v each loop contributes 2 to the valence of v. A graph is connected if for any pair of vertices u and v one can get from u to v by moving along the edges of the graph. Such routes that move along edges are known by different names: edge progressions, paths, simple paths, walks, trails, circuits, cycles, etc. a. Write down the degree of the 16 vertices in the graph below: 14…In Computer Science a Graph is represented using an adjacency matrix. Ismatrix is a square matrix whose dimension is the total number of vertices.The following example shows the graphical representation of a graph with 5 vertices, its matrixof adjacency, degree of entry and exit of each vertex, that is, the total number ofarrows that enter or leave each vertex (verify in the image) and the loops of the graph, that issay the vertices that connect with themselvesTo program it, use Object Oriented Programming concepts (Classes, objects, attributes, methods), it can be in Java or in Python.-Declare a constant V with value 5-Declare a variable called Graph that is a VxV matrix of integers-Define a MENU procedure with the following textGRAPHS1. Create Graph2.Show Graph3. Adjacency between pairs4.Input degree5.Output degree6.Loops0.exit-Validate MENU so that it receives only valid options (from 0 to 6), otherwise send an error message and repeat the reading-Make the MENU call in the main…