22 1. Some receptors have more than one ligand binding site. This situation can be modeled as shown below,where C = a receptor bound to one ligand molecule, and C* = a receptor bound to two ligand molecules.[R] + [L] <> [C]kr1[C] + [L] <> [C*]a) Derive the general differential rate equations for C and C*. i

Consider the condition given below where 2 species 'A' and 'B' come together (association) to form…

Answered: 1. Some receptors have more than one…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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6. For a 1:1 ligand-receptor binding interaction that is modeled by X + Y XY : (A) Show how the fraction of ligand-receptor binding (fo) is represented by the [X] [X]+ K, equation of f, (i.e., derive this expression for this reaction beginning eg with the relationship for K = f([X].[X],[XY]) under equilibrium conditions). (B) shown to the right for this reaction, what is the estimated value of Keg? Give your answer in units of M. For the data plot 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 문 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0000 0.0050 0.0100 0.0150 0.0200 0.0250 0.0300 0.0350 0.0400 [X) (mM)
Estimate the binding affi nity of a ligand for its receptor from the followingdata:
. which of the following statements about heterotrimetric G proteins and their receptors is incorrect? A: when GTP binds to the alpha subunit of the G protein, the beta-gamma subunit dissociates from the alpha subunit B: G-protein coupled receptors contain nine transmembrane alpha helices C: binding of arrestin causes removal of the receptor from the membrane D: G protein- coupled receptors may be desensitized by serine phosphorylation I had chosen option A and got it wrong. What is the Correct answer and explain how it is. Also, where did i go wrong in choosing option A?
A) Please explain what a G protein coupled receptor is. Please explain how G protein interacts with this receptor. B) Please explain the kind of reactions that follow binding a specific ligand to a G protein coupled receptor. What do these reactions do in the cell? C) How do these reactions work in the cell. What is the function of these reactions in the cell? How do the reactions proceed?
19. Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) Nucleotides and amino acids can act as extracellular signal molecules. B) Some signal molecules can bind directly to intracellular proteins that bind DNA and regulate gene transcription. C) Some signal molecules are transmembrane proteins. D) Answer: Dissolved gases such as nitric oxide (NO) can act as signal molecules, but because they cannot interact with proteins they must act by affecting membrane lipids. Explanation:
3) Acetylcholine binds to a GPCR on heart muscle, making the heart beat more slowly. The activated receptor stimulates a G protein, which opens a K+ channel in the plasma membrane, as shown in Figure 1. Which of the following would enhance this effect of the acetylcholine? (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 1 addition of a high concentration of a non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP addition of a drug that prevents the a subunit from exchanging GDP for GTP mutations in the acetylcholine receptor that weaken the interaction between the receptor and acetylcholine mutations in the acetylcholine receptor that weaken the interaction between the receptor and the G protein
5.. A sample of cells has a total receptor concentration of 25 mM. Ninety percent of the receptors have bound ligand and the concentration of free ligand is 125 µM. Calculate the K for the receptor ligand interaction. (a) What is the AG° for binding for this interaction at 25°C?
The Graph below shows the binding curves of two proteins (A and B) for the same ligand (L). Use this Graph and determine the dissociation constant, K, for both proteins. Which protein (A or B) has a greater affinity for ligand L? Which of the two proteins would be more easily inhibited by an antagonist? 1.0 Y 0.5 2 A 4 6 B 8 [L] (μM) 10 12 14 16
what general features may make the C3b receptor suitable for binding C3b but not other ligands?
7. A) What effect does the compound GppNHp, when applied to the inside of a cell during whole cell patch clamp recording, have on Cav2 channels at presynaptic terminals? B) What is the mechanism by which this compound affects G-protein signaling and Ca√2 channel activity? B. A.
14) Which of the following correctly ranks the steps in the secretory pathway? 1. Active PKA subunits phosphorylate targets in the cell, regulating function. 2. The catalytic subunits of PKA dissociate. 3. Gprotein a subunit exchanges bound GDP for GTP. 4. CAMP binds to the regulatory subunits of PKA, activating it. 5. Ga subunit dissociates from complex and activates adenylate cyclase. 6. Ligand (hormone) binds to receptor. 7. Activated adenylate cyclase produces CAMP from ATP.
You perform a competition study on a GPCR. You have isolated the plasma membrane from cells which contains the GPCR of interest. If an agonist and an inverse agonist are at equal concentrations in your study but the inverse agonist has a 10 x higher affinity for the receptor than the agonist, what would you expect to be the overall outcome to be? More of the agonist is bound and so most of the receptor is in its active conformation and is stimulated More of the inverse agonist is bound and so most of the receptor is in its inactive conformation and is unstimulated.

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