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- What is the consequence of complete inhibition of all mutases in liver cells?a. Liver cannot provide free glucose to maintain blood glucose levelsb. Free glucose cannot be released from glycogenc. Glycerol cannot be converted to glucosed. The only fate of glucose-6-phosphate is to be converted to fructose-6-phosphate26. Which of the following statements is correct? A. Insulin can activate pyruvate carboxylase B. More energy in the form of ATP is required to synthesize glucose from pyruvate than can be obtained from glucose by glycolysis alone C. Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate is a modulator that can stimulate either glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, depending on cellular glucose concentration D. All of the above25. Which of the following statements is correct? A. Glucose is normally transported into cells by an active transporter called glucose transporters (GLUTS) B. An increase in blood insulin increases the rate of glucose uptake in multiple tissues including liver and brain tissues C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B 26. Which of the following statements is correct? A. Insulin can activate pyruvate carboxylase B. More energy in the form of ATP is required to synthesize glucose from pyruvate than can be obtained from glucose by glycolysis alone C. Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate is a modulator that can stimulate either glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, depending on cellular glucose concentration D. All of the above
- 9. a. Which class of enzymes do poisonous snakes use to rock your world when they bite their prey? (3 pts) b. What do you think happens to the cells (red blood cells, specifically) after being bitten by an eastern diamondback rattler or the Indian cobra? c. These enzymes are also present in our body, albeit in a very low quantity. What purpose do these enzymes serve in our metabolic processes?27. Which of the following vitamin is required for glycogen phosphorylase? Pyridoxal phosphate b. Thiamine pyrophosphate a. с. Riboflavin d. Lipoic acid7. Which of the following statements about gluconeogenesis is CORRECT? Select one: a. Glucose-6-phosphatase hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate to release glucose into the blood. b. Glucose-6-phosphatase hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate and is found in liver and muscle. c. Fructose-1,6-biphosphatase converts fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into fructose-1-phosphate. d. Pyruvate is first converted to phosphoenolpyruvate by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.
- 7. Which of the following statements regarding the regulation of glycogen metabolism is false? A. Glycogen synthase activity is dictated by its phosphorylation status. B. Glycogen phosphorylase is inhibited by ATP. C. Adrenaline stimulates glycogen breakdown. D. Glycogen phosphorylase is activated by AMP and glucose-6-phosphate. E. Glucagon signals that concentrations of blood glucose are low and leads to breakdown of glycogen.9. Which of the following enzymes CANNOT be found in the skeletal muscle? A. Glucose-6-phosphatase B. Glycogen synthase C. Glycogen phosphorylase D. Adenylyl cyclase E. Hexokinase 10. Which of the following processes do NOT produce CO2? (1) Fatty acid synthesis (2) Oxidative deamination (3) Preparatory phase of glycolysis (4) Pentose phosphate pathway A. (1) and (2) only B. (2) and (3) only C. (2) and (4) only D. (1), (3) and (4) only E. (1), (2), (3) and (4) 11. is an intermediate metabolite linkage between carbohydrate and fat metabolism. A. Malate B. Citrate C. Acetyl-CoA D. Aspartate E. a-ketoglutarate 12. transfers carnitine from mitochondrial matrix to cytoplasm during the transport of fatty acid to mitochondria. A. Carnitine acyltransferase I B. Carnitine acyltransferase II C. Transaminase D. Translocase E. Citric acid shuttle 13. Which of the following reactions/ pathways does NOT produce NADH? A. Payoff phase of glycolysis B. Oxidative deamination of glutamine C. B-oxidation…17. Which of the following is irrelevant in lipogenesis? a. acetyl-CoA b. acyl carrier protein (ACP) c. both a and b d. neither a nor b 18. Which chemical reaction is/are necessary in the elongation of fatty acids? a. hydrolysis b. dehydration c. both a and b d. neither a nor b 19. Which pathway is most likely activated when glycogen is depleted? a. B-oxidation b. lipogenesis c. both a and b d. neither a nor b
- 4. Which of the following statements regarding the coordinated regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is not true? A. Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase-1) are reciprocally regulated. B. Activating PFK-1 leads to more glycolysis. C. Inhibiting FBPase-1 slows gluconeogenesis. D. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is the primary regulator of PFK-1 and FBPase-1. E. ATP inhibits PFK-1.5. Richner-Hanhart syndrome is associated with a defect in which of the following? A. Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase B. Tyrosine aminotransferase C. p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate hydroxylase D. Homogentisate oxidase24. which of the following is not an important precursor of glucose in animals when gluconeogenesis occurs? a. lactate b. pyruvate c. glycerol d. glucose-6-phosphate