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- In nuclear fission. a nucleus splits roughly in half. (a) What is the potential 2.00 10-14 m from a fragment that has 46 protons in it? (b) What is the potential energy in MeV of a similarly charged fragment at this distance?In different experimental trials, an electron, a proton, or a doubly charged oxygen atom (O--), is fired within a vacuum tube. The particle's trajectory carries it through a point where the electric potential is 40.0 V and then through a point at a different potential. Rank each of the following cases according to the change in kinetic energy of the particle over this part of its flight from the largest increase to the largest decrease in kinetic energy. In your ranking, display any cases of equality, (a) An electron moves from 40.0 V to 60.0 V. (b) An electron moves front 40.0 V to 20.0 V. (c) A proton moves from 40.0 V to 20.0 V'. (d) A proton moves from 40.0 V to 10.0 V. (e) An O-- ion mines from 40.0 V to 60.0 V.You are working on a research project in which you must control the direction of travel of electrons using deflection plates. You have devised the apparatus shown in Figure P22.28. The plates are of length = 0.500 m and are separated by a distance d = 3.00 cm. Electrons are fired at vi = 5.00 106 m/s into a uniform electric field from the left edge of the lower, positive plate, aimed directly at the right edge of the upper, negative plate. Therefore, if there is no electric field between the plates, the electrons will follow the broken line in the figure. With an electric field existing between the plates, the electrons will follow a curved path, bending downward. You need to determine (a) the range of angles over which the electron can leave the apparatus and (b) the electric field required to give the maximum possible deviation angle. Figure P22.28
- An electron is to be accelerated in a uniform electric field having a strength of 2.00106 V/m. (a) What energy in keV is given to the electron if it is accelerated through 0.400 m? (b) Over what distance would it have to be accelerated to increase its energy by 50.0 GeV?A research Van de Graaff generator has a 2.00-rn- diameter metal sphere with a charge of 5.00 mC on it. (a) What is the potential near its surface? (b) At what distance from its center is the potential 1.00 MV? (C) An oxygen atom with three missing electrons is released near the Van de Graatf generator. What is its energy in MeV at this distance?A simple and common technique for accelerating electrons is shown in Figure 18.55, where there is a uniform electric field between two plates. Electrons are released, usually from a hot filament, near the negative plate, and there is a small hole in the positive plate that allows the electrons to continue moving. (a) Calculate the acceleration of the electorn if the field strength is 2.50104 N/C. (b) Explain why the electron will not be pulled back to the positive plate once it moves through the hole.
- A simple and common technique for accelerating electrons is shown in Figure 7.46, where there is a uniform electric field between two plates. Electrons are released, usually from a hot filament, near the negative plate, and there is a small hole in the positive plate that allows the electrons to continue moving, (a) Calculate the acceleration of the electron if the field strength is 2.50104 N/C . (b) Explain why the electron will not be pulled back to the positive plate once it moves through the hole. Figure 7.46 Parallel conducting plates with opposite charges on them create a relatively uniform electric field used to accelerate electrons to the right. Those that go through the hole can be used to make a TV or computer screen glow or to produce X- rays.Oppositely charged parallel plates are separated by 5.33 mm. A potential difference of 600. V exists between the plates. (a) What is the magnitude of the electric field between the plates? (b) What is the magnitude of the force on an electron between the plates? (c) How much work must be done on the electron to move it to the negative plate if it is initially positioned 2.90 mm from the positive plate?To form a helium atom, an alpha particle that contains two protons and two neutrons is fixed at one location, and two electrons are brought in from far away, one at a time. The first electron is placed at 0.6001010 m from the alpha particle and held there while the second electron is brought to 0.6001010 m from the alpha particle on the other side from the first electron. See die final configuration below, (a) How much work is done in each step? (b) What is the electrostatic energy of die alpha particle and two electrons in the final configuration?
- Why is the following situation impossible? In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, an electron moves in a circular orbit about a proton. The model states that the electron can exist only in certain allowed orbits around the proton: those whose radius r satisfies r = n2(0.052 9 nm), where n = 1, 2, 3, . For one of the possible allowed states of the atom, the electric potential energy of the system is 13.6 eV.The electric field strength between two parallel conducting plates separated by 4.00 cm is 7.50104 V/m. (a) What is the potential difference between the plates? (b) The plate with the lowest potential is taken to be zero volts. What is the potential 1.00 cm from that plate and 3.00 cm from the other?(a) What is the final speed of an electron accelerated from rest through a voltage of 25.0 MV by a negatively charged Van de Graff terminal? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are responsible?