3. Explain the fluid mosaic model of a cell membrane, use a diagram to explain your answer. Then briefly describe the 4 functional roles membrane proteins play, also add diagrams to your answer.
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- A2 Which of the following statements is NOT correct about the phospholipid molecules in the plasma membrane? * O The polar heads face outward The nonpolar tails face inward. O The polar heads are hydrophobic. O The nonpolar tails are hydrophobic. The phospholipids form a bilayer. This is a required question4. The graph below represents two different modes of transport across a biological membrane. One employs a membrane protein and the other does not. Which line represents transport with a membrane protein? Label each line with the mode of transport. There are three key characteristics of transport across a biological membrane using a membrane protein. What are these three key features? List and describe each feature. 107 A B Concentration difference across the mebrane Rate of Transport1. Explain why phosphoglycerides are found in lipid bilayer 2. Enumerate and describe the mechanisms of transport across a membrane
- 9. Describe the role of phospholipids in the formation of 'phospholipid bilayers'- the ideas of polar/hydrophilic and non-polar/hydrophobic are very important here. What are all the names for the cell menmbrane? Describe the 'fluid mosaic model. What is the difference between integral membrane proteins and peripheral membrane proteins? What are some of the roles for these membrane proteins? What is meant by the term 'receptor? Why would Define diffusion. In a membrane, what would be the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion? What is meant by the term 'semi-permeable" you need pores for diffusion?The freeze-fracture technique demonstrated: a. that the plasma membrane is a bilayer with individual proteins suspended in it. b. that the plasma membrane is fluid. c. that the arrangement of membrane lipids and proteins is symmetric. d. that proteins are bound to the cytoplasmic side but not embedded in the lipid bilayer. e. the direction of movement of solutes through the membrane.In the fluid mosaic model: plasma membrane proteins orient their hydrophilic sides toward the internal bilayer. phospholipids often flip-flop between the inner and outer layers. the mosaic refers to proteins attached to the underlying cytoskeleton. the fluid refers to the phospholipid bilayer. the mosaic refers to the symmetry of the internal membrane proteins and sterols.
- 10. As described by the fluid mosaic model, biological membranes contain not only phospholipids but also a variety of other molecules, particularly proteins. The overarching question I want you to consider is how proteins are structured to fulfill their interactions with and functions in cell membranes. A. First, let's just consider a single-pass transmembrane protein, which has just a single region (also called domain) crossing through the phospholipid bilayer, as diagrammed to the right. Describe which regions of this transmembrane protein are likely to be hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic. B. Briefly explain the reasoning for your responses. Outside of cell (aqueous) Inside of cell (aqueous)Two theories of membrane structure are discussed below. Unit Membrane Model Phospholipid molecules are the most abundant type of lipids in cell membranes. Each consists of a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail, and a polar, hydrophilic head. The phospholipid chains orient themselves to form a bilayer with the tails pointed inward and the hydrophilic heads lined up on both sides of the bilayer. An extended monomolecular layer of protein coats both the outside of the membrane and the inside of the bilayer, but the protein does not penetrate the bilayer. When thin slices of membranes were examined with an electron microscope, three layers were seen: two electron-dense layers, with one wider layer between them. It was believed that the electron-dense layers represented proteins, and the lighter area represented lipids. Fluid Mosaic Model The structure of the fluid mosaic membrane is a bilayer of phospholipid molecules with proteins inserted into the bilayer. Hydrophilic regions of both the lipids…3. Some proteins are membrane bound and have segments (called transmembrane domains) that pass through the membrane and anchor the protein to the lipid bilayer. Predict which amino acid residues are likely found in the transmembrane domains of proteins, and which amino acid residues are likely found just at the membrane surface on the interior and exterior of the cell. Succinctly explain your rationale.
- 3. Identify the component parts of the plasma membrane shown in Figure 1.770 outside cell cytosol Figure 1 (b) NEL good as e oc (d) (e) 88 f $8 88/0008 Booo %1000 d lipid bilayer C STUDY Complex At first a confusing and relab help you parts. Afte the diagra complica 2.2 Membrane StrucMembrane proteins are key components of a typical cell membrane. Explain the importance of the proteins inside membranes to the cell membrane itself, and overall life. Include a diagram that illustrates . Your labelled diagram needs to show two different types of transport proteins embedded within a typical cell 1. membrane. 2. Serine is an uncharged, polar amino acid (below and left). Threonine (below and right) is another uncharged, polar amino acid. Illustrate the hydrolysis of a dipeptide that was made from these two amino acids. Be sure to write all involved reactants and products in the structural form like Serine, and as a proper chemical equation; e.g. reactant(s) - product(s). Your diagram of the dipeptide must show the N-terminal and C-terminal ends at opposite sides of the dimer molecule, and you need to indicate where the peptide bond is with an arrow/highlighter. „H C-N OH NH2 но CH — CH -с-соон он HThe fluid mosaic model was first proposed by S.J. Singer and Grath L. Nicolson in 1972 to explain the structure of the plasma membrane. Discuss the structure of the different lipid molecules within the plasma membrane and relate it to their functions in the animal cell. You may choose any animal cell that you have learnt biology