3. Listed below are four redox couples. An organotroph uses compounds from two of these to carry out anaerobic respiration. A lithotroph uses compounds from two different couples to carry out aerobic respiration. Arrange these compounds into the redox towers below, showing which compounds would be the e' donors and acceptors for the two organisms, and how many moles of e would be transferred per mole of donor. Fe(OH)3/Fe +2 (E = -0.16V); SO4²/S (E = -0.25V); C₂H₂O2/C₁H6O2 (E = -0.20V); O₂/H₂O (E=0.82V) organotroph I lithotroph I Which organism would produce the most energy per mole of e donor? Show your work.

3. Listed below are four redox couples. An organotroph uses compounds from two of these to carry out anaerobic respiration. A lithotroph uses compounds from two different couples to carry out aerobic respiration. Arrange these compounds into the redox towers below, showing which compounds would be the e' donors and acceptors for the two organisms, and how many moles of e would be transferred per mole of donor. Fe(OH)3/Fe +2 (E = -0.16V); SO4²/S (E = -0.25V); C₂H₂O2/C₁H6O2 (E = -0.20V); O₂/H₂O (E=0.82V) organotroph I lithotroph I Which organism would produce the most energy per mole of e donor? Show your work.

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter4: Energy And Metabolism

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5CT

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4. Desulfovibrio africanus is an organotroph that carries out anaerobic respiration using two of the redox couples below to generate energy and reducing power. Thiobacillus denitrificans is a chemolithotroph that uses the waste product of Desulfovibrio's e transport system as a source of e, and also carries out anaerobic respiration using one more of the redox couples. Which organism would produce the most energy per mole of its e donor? Show your work. C3H4O3/C3H8O3 (-0.28 V) 0₂/H₂O (+0.82) NO2/N2 (+0.38 V) S₂O32/H₂S (-0.18 V)
Example 14.6 The oxygen requirement for cell growth in glueose can be represented by the following equation (Mateles, 1971) 32NC+8(Nh2)+16(No2) Fx/sM +yo2 – 2.67yc + 1.714YN2 – 8y H2 ro2 = In which ro2 is the oxygen required for each gram of cells produced, N stands for no. of atoms present in each molecule substrate, y stands for mass fractions and M is the MW of the substrate. The yeast cell may be considered to be CH1.800.5NO.2. Calculate rO2 if the yield factor (Yx/s) is 0.46g of cells produced for each gram of substrate consumed.
4. The diagram below illustrates time dependent O₂ uptake by isolated skeletal muscle mito- chondria under various conditions that affect the rate of respiration. The following abbreviations with arrows indicate when addition of various ingredients is made to the reaction chamber: The vertical, red lines have been added to help delineate time intervals corresponding to addition and metabolic con- version of ADP. Abbreviations: Med addition of 0.3 M sucrose; Pi: addition of 0.01 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4; Mw: addition of isolated, intact mitochondria; Pyr + Mal: addition of 0.01 M pyruvate + 0.01 M malate; ADP : addition of adenosine 5'-diphosphate; Oligo/mg: addition of oligomycin/mg protein; FCCP : addition of the uncoupler FCCP. Med Pyr+Mal P₁ 190μM ADP ↓ 20μM 02 T H 190μM ADP I Minute 475μM ADP 2μM FCCP 13μg Oligo/mg -[0₂] = 0 ATP [ATP] = 0 ApH = (pH matrix -pHout) ApH = 0 Start Finish (a) Why is there an increase in the rate of O2 uptake for the first two additions of ADP and why…
11. Refer to the figure below. нн Н `NH2 NH2 N' N- 2e-+H* R NAD+ NADH NAD+ functions as a coenzyme in many enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The changes that take place in this coenzyme are the same for all of these reactions and are illustrated in the figure. It is likely that, in these reactions, NAD+ functions as an electron acceptor (reducing agent) in redox reactions. functions as an electron donor (oxidizing agent) in redox reactions. functions as a base in acid-base catalytic mechanisms. functions as an electron donor (oxidizing agent) in redox reactions. functions as an electron acceptor (oxidizing agent) in redox reactions. +Z-
In addition to O, binding, changes in other chemical conditions can result in hemoglobin changes. pH is one of those factors. It can be understood by reaction #1. Red blood cells have the enzyme Carbonic Anhydrase which catalyzes reaction #2. Using the two reactions explain how pH contributes to the transfer of O2 from the lungs to the tissues. H-Hb* + O2 Hb-O2 + H* Reaction #1 CO2(aq) + H2O= H* + HCO3 Reaction #2
17. Which of the following chemical formula summarizes cellular respiration? Group of answer choices 6CO2 + 6O2 + light energy  6H2O + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2 C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP C6H12O6 + 6H2O  6O2 + 6CO2 + ATP
Certain bacteria can respire in anoxic environments using arsenic (V) as electron acceptor. The relevant unbalance half reactions are: H₂ AsO+H → H¸AsO +H₂O, logK = 10.84, AG = -14.5kca I m I ol-e CH₂O+H₂OH + CO2 (g), logK = 1.2, AG° = -1.63kca — ol-e 1) Balance the two half reactions 2) What is m the overall respiration reaction, standard free energy change \Delta GO 3) Is this process energetically more or less favorable than sulfate reduction? (\Delta GO for the reduction of sulfate to HS- is -5.78 kcal/mol - e-) 4) If [H2AsO4-] = [ H3ASO3] = 0.5 mM and pH = 7, estimate pe of the system
You've discovered a new organism that contains a mutant form of Hemoglobin (red line on right) and are testing its properties in a lab setting at a neutral pH. You've generated the binding data below comparing it to the wildtype (non-mutant; blue line on left) form. Oxygen binding of a new hemoglobin mutant 1.00 - 0.75- Hemoglobin 0.50 - Wildtype Mutant 0.25- 0.00 - 25 50 75 100 pO2 (torr) 1. How does this mutation seem to impact cooperativity? Hint. Look at the slope of the line. [ Select ] 2. Which variant, the mutant or wildtype, has a higher affinity for oxygen? [ Select ] 3. Which variant is a more effective delivery system to the the muscles (~20 torr)? Select ] Fraction of Hb bounw with Oxygen
. The photosynthetic process used by the green sulfur bacteria, under anaerobic conditions, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations? 6CO2 + 12H2S g C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 g C12H22O11 + H2O 6CO2 + 12H2O g C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O C12H22O11 + H2O g C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O g 6CO2 + 12H2O
The photosynthetic process used by the green sulfur bacteria, under anaerobic conditions, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations? cell bio 6CO2 + 12H2S  C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6  C12H22O11 + H2O 6CO2 + 12H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O C12H22O11 + H2O  C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O  6CO2 + 12H2O
Give disproportionation reaction of H3 PO3 ?
In an experiment, mitochondria were suspended in a buffered medium. The O2 electrode was used to monitor 0, consumption and assayed for the presence of ATP. Figure 3 shows the respiratory control by following the oxygen utilization (solid line) and ATP synthesis (discontinuous line) in the isolated mitochondria with additions of succinate, ADP, orthophosphate, oligomycin and dinitrophenol (DNP). Comment on the observations and relate the effects of the compounds added to electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation. Add DNP Add oligomycin Add ADP + P Add succinate Time Figure 3 Og consumed ATP synthesized