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- 2B. S. aureus hemolysin B attacks the RBC cell membrane by hydrolyzing the sphingomyelin headgroup: ОН HN .R hemolysin B cuts this bond i) Draw a plausible mechanism of hydrolysis for this lipid headgroup. Let B- and BH be general base and general acid. 00-P-O LOR2 OR, ii) Why is this damaging to the overall membrane architecture of the RBC?22. Describe the Induced fit of Hemoglobin, Hb (enzyme-like protein) which has quarternary structure and exhibits allosteric activation with cooperativity.1. As much as 2% by mass fatty acids may be found bound to albumin tightly but reversibly. What intermolecular forces do you think are important for albumin binding to fatty acids?
- 3. Why glycogen in muscle cells cannot be stained blue-black by iodine solution?3) What specific proteins might be targeted for up- or downregulated adsorption when designing an implantable material? Please list at least two for each.2. (a) The binding site of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) (red stick figure) in the deoxyhemo- globin molecule is illustrated below. Note that the two phosphate groups and the carboxylate group of the BPG molecule confer strong, negative electrostatic character to the molecule. B₁-subunit 1. 2. 3. 5. 6. B₁ (b) Mutant Hemoglobin Hb Raleigh Hb Helsinki The mutant hemoglobins listed below each have a mutant amino acid in the ß-subunit directly in or in the vicinity of the BPG binding site. Rank the affinity of the following mutant hemoglobins for binding BPG (red stick figure above).. Explain your reasoning. The notation, for instance, as given for Hb Raleigh Val(31)Ala means that Val-1, the first amino acid residue of the ß-subunit, has been substituted by Ala. Hb Rahere Hb Rancho Mirage Hb Little Rock B₂ Hb Ohio Mutation Val (31)Ala Lys(382) Met Lys(382)) Thr His(143)Asp His(3143)Gln a-NHẠ Ala(142)Asp His 2 His 143 BPG His 143 Lys 82 His 2 Rank the affinity of the mutant hemoglobins for…
- 8. Refer to the molecules shown below for the following questions: А. В. HO- HN- HO Il. H H HO H HO O., H. С. D. OH но HO, H OH H H. H HO "OH HO a. Name the above molecules. b. Which one/s is/are primary, and which one/s is/are secondary bile acids/salts? c. Name the molecules that will result from the action of intestinal bacteria on molecule A? d. Which one of the above molecules is the best emulsifier? Explain why.8. Name four intracellular mediators that G proteins impact.9. If a commercially available insulin preparation contains 1 ppm of pro-insulin, how many micrograms of proinsulin would be contained in a 10-mL vial of insulin?
- 1. Since the pK values for aspartic acid are 2.0, 3.9 and 10.0, it follows that the isoelectric (pH) is (A) 3.0 (B) 3.9 (C) 5.9 (D) 6.02. Identify whether the following fatty acids are saturated or unsaturated. a. CH3(CH2)5CH=CH(CH2)7COOH b. CH3(CH2)7CH-CH(CH₂)7COOH C. CH3(CH2) 10COOH d. CH3(CH2) 16COOH e. CH3CH2(CH=CHCH2) 3(CH2)6COOHA patient is suffering from hemoglobinopathies and the principal biochemical defect that leads to the development of Hb c involves the substitution of at the sixth position of the b-polypeptide chain: a. Proline replaced by cysteine b. Phenylalanine replaced by lysine c. glutamate replaced by Lysine d. glutamic acid replaced by alanine ->