7. Why is water a suitable solvent for this recrystallisation? 8. Calculate the concentration in mol dm-3 of 10 w/v% sodium hydroxide. 9. Write down an organic chemistry mechanism (use curly arrows) for the transformation of benzamide to benzoic acid, via its sodium salt.
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7. Why is water a suitable solvent for this recrystallisation?
8. Calculate the concentration in mol dm-3 of 10 w/v% sodium hydroxide.
9. Write down an
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- what is the role of methanol for extracting chlorophyll? What molecular force holds your chlorophyll and solvent together?1. What type of reaction explains the solubility of phenol in Sodium Hydroxide? Explain the organic product formed 2. How do the reactions of phenol samples with FeCl3 compare? Which structural component of the phenols account for the observation? 3. What compound is the precipitate formed in the Bromine water test? 4. Write the reaction formed in the formation of phenolphthalein. Identify the functional group in phenolphthalein , which is responsible for the indicator property. 5. What is the significance of Millon's test?You have learned three different types of distillation (simple, fractional, steam). For each case below, explain which type of distillation would be most efficient in terms of time and separation. A. Separating 1-butanol from its constitutional isomer 2-butanol B. Separating limonene from lemon peel C. Separating ethanol from ethylene glycol
- How would you recrystallize a mixture of Benzoic acid and 2-Naphthol? Discuss the choice of solvent and recrystallization process. (Hint. Look up the solubility of these two compounds in different solvents)What is caffeine? What is the purpose of decaffeination? How does direct and indirect solvent decaffeination work? How does it differ? Describe the properties of supercritical carbon dioxide. What are the advantages of using supercritical CO2 over the other methods? What are some of its disadvantages?1. Alcohols X and Y formed layers with Lucas reagent. Compound X formed brown precipitate with KMnO4 while compound Y did not. Which are the possible identities of compounds X and Y? a.tert-butanol, propanol b.isopropanol, isopentyl alcoholc. methanol, ethanold.tert-butanol, isopropanol2. Alcohols that cannot be distinguished using the Lucas test? a.isopropanol and methanol b.t-butyl alcohol and ethanol c.t-butyl alcohol and 2-methylbenzyl alcohol d.ethanol and n-propanol
- 1. What type of reaction explains solubility of phenol in sodium hydroxide? Explain the organic product formed. 2. How do the reactions of phenol samples with FeCl3 compare? Which structural component of the phenols account for the observation8. Under anhydrous conditions, 4.8 mL of 1-bromo-3,5-dimethylbenzene (dens. 1.36 g/mL) is treated with 0.90 g of magnesium in 25 mL of diethyl ether. After the initial reaction, the ether solution is poured over 8.5 grams of dry ice (carbon dioxide). The mixture is then treated with 50 mL 1M aqueous HCl. The resulting biphasic mixture is transferred to a separatory funnel and the aqueous layer is removed. The organic layer that remains in the separatory funnel is then treated with 20 mL 3M aqueous NaOH. After shaking the separatory funnel and allowing the layers to separate, the aqueous layer is removed and treated with aqueous 6M HCl until a precipitate forms and the pH of the solution acidic by pH paper. The precipitate is isolated by vacuum filtration and allowed to dry resulting in 3.73 g of a white solid (m. p. 171.2 – 173.4 °C). Assuming the product is 3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid, calculate the percent yield. Br 1) Mg°, Et,0 ОН 2) CO2 3) H* 1-bromo-3,5-dimethylbenzene…give at least three characteristics of dichloromethane that make it a good extracting solvent for alkaloid
- 19. A liquefied mixture of n-butane, n-pentane, and n-hexane has the following composition: n-C,H10 50%, n-C,H12 30%, and n-C,H14 20%. For this mixture, calculate: a) The weight fraction of each component. b) The mole fraction of each component. c) The mole percent of each component. d) The average molecular weight of the mixture.Benzyl alcohol (0.500 mmol) and benzoic acid (0.500 mmol) were produced from the reaction of benzaldehyde and sodium hydroxide. Calculate the mass (g) of benzaldehyde needed for this reaction.Give the advantages of using steam distillation in the recovery of an organic liquid from a mixture.