A firm is a natural monopoly. Its marginal cost curve is flat, and its average cost curve is downward sloping (because it has a fixed cost). The firm can perfectly price discriminate. Use a graph to show how much the monopoly produces, Q*. Show graphically and mathematically that a monopoly might shut down if it can only set a single price but operate if it can perfectly price discriminate.
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- Draw the graph for a monopoly earning a positive economic profit. Suppose the government institutes a per unit tax on the good produced by the monopoly (consider the impact it will have on the cost curves). On the graph, show how this will affect the monopoly’s profit maximizing level of output and the price charged by the monopoly. Draw and Label Price Axis, Quantity Axis, Demand Curve, Marginal Revenue Curve, Marginal Cost Curve, Average Total Cost Curve, New Marginal Cost Curve, New ATC Curve, Qm, MR=MC, MR=MC1 Qm1, Pm, Pm1, ATC point, ATC1 point, Deadweight Loss, Total Revenue, Total Cost, ProfitDraw the graph. If the monopoly is a single price monopoly (usual monopoly, as in chapter 10), then: the monopoly produces a quantity Q = ______ where ________________ (which curves intersect?) the monopoly charges a price of P = ________ the consumer surplus is CS = ______ (identify the area on the graph and calculate it). the producer surplus is PS = _________(identify the area on the graph and calculate it). the deadweight loss of the monopoly (as compared to the perfect competition) is DWL = ______ (identify the area on the graph and calculate it).Draw the graph. If the monopoly is a single price monopoly (usual monopoly, as in chapter 10), then: the monopoly produces a quantity Q = ______ where ________________ (which curves intersect?) the monopoly charges a price of P = ________ the consumer surplus is CS = ______ (identify the area on the graph and calculate it). the producer surplus is PS = _________ the deadweight loss of the monopoly (as compared to perfect competition) is DWL = ______
- On the monopoly graph, use the black points (plus symbol) to shade the area that represents the loss of welfare, or deadweight loss, caused by a monopoly. That is, show the area that was formerly part of total surplus and now does not accrue to anybody. Deadweight loss occurs when a market is controlled by a monopoly because the resulting equilibrium is different from the (efficient) competitive outcome. In the following table, enter the price and quantity that would arise in a competitive market; then enter the profit-maximizing price and quantity t would be chosen if a monopolist controlled this market. Market Structure Price (Dollars) Quantity (Gyros) Competitive Monopoly Given the summary table of the two different market structures, you can infer that, in general, the price is lower under a and the quantity is lower under aOn the monopoly graph, use the black points (plus symbol) to shade the area that represents the loss of welfare, or deadweight loss, caused by a monopoly. That is, show the area that was formerly part of total surplus and now does not accrue to anybody. Deadweight loss occurs when a market is controlled by a monopoly because the resulting equilibrium is different from the (efficient) competitive outcome. In the following table, enter the price and quantity that would arise in a competitive market; then enter the profit-maximizing price and quantity that would be chosen if a monopolist controlled this market. Market Structure Price (Dollars) Quantity (Gyros) Competitive Monopoly Given the summary table of the two different market structures, you can infer that, in general, the price is higher under a and the quantity is lower under aDefine natural monopoly. What does the size of a market have to do with whether an industry is a natural monopoly?
- What is the difference between a monopoly's marginal revenue curve and a perfect competitor's marginal revenue curve? Please explain the difference in these markets by drawing the graphs.What is the relationship between economies of scale and a natural monopoly?Suppose a monopoly is producing at its profit-maximising (loss-minimizing) quantity, and the price corresponding to this quantity is below average total cost but above average variable cost. The monopoly will shut down in the short run but return to production in the long run shut down in the short run and exit the market in the long run keep producing both in the short run and in the long run keep producing in the short run but exit the market in the long run None of the above.