A molecule in a gas undergoes about 1.0 × 109 collisions in each second. Suppose that (i) every collision is effective in deactivating the molecule rotationally and (ii) that one collision in 10 is effective. Calculate the width (in hertz) of rotational transitions in the molecule.

A molecule in a gas undergoes about 1.0 × 109 collisions in each second. Suppose that (i) every collision is effective in deactivating the molecule rotationally and (ii) that one collision in 10 is effective. Calculate the width (in hertz) of rotational transitions in the molecule.

Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics

10th Edition

ISBN:9781337553292

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter42: Molecules And Solids

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10P

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Concept explainers

Maxwell speed distribution

Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution or commonly known as Maxwell speed distribution, explains the division of the energy levels of the molecules of an ideal gas on the basis of the statistical theory. In 1859, Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell established the context for the distribution of molecular velocities for random molecules moving in a closed environment. This theory was generalized in 1871 by German physicist Ludwig Boltzmann. He improvised the theory to express the distribution of energy levels among different molecules.

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A molecule in a gas undergoes about 1.0 × 10⁹ collisions in each second. Suppose that (i) every collision is effective in deactivating the molecule rotationally and (ii) that one collision in 10 is effective. Calculate the width (in hertz) of rotational transitions in the molecule.

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