A naturally occurring fblock element, M, forms an anionic nitrate [M(NO3)6]² , M(acac)4 and an oxide MO2. What are the possible candidates for element M? Write down the electron configuration of M in each of these compounds for each of the candidates. Explain with reasons how you would distinguish between the possibilities for element M.

A naturally occurring fblock element, M, forms an anionic nitrate [M(NO3)6]² , M(acac)4 and an oxide MO2. What are the possible candidates for element M? Write down the electron configuration of M in each of these compounds for each of the candidates. Explain with reasons how you would distinguish between the possibilities for element M.

Principles of Modern Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079113

Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Chapter8: Bonding In Transition Metal Compounds And Coordination Complexes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4P

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Give the oxidation state of the metal for each of the following oxides of the first transition series. (Hint: Oxides of formula M3O4 are examples of mixed valence compounds in which the metal ion is present in more than oneoxidation state. It is possible to write these compound formulas in the equivalent format MO∙M2O3, to permit estimation of the metal’s two oxidation states.)(a) Sc2O3(b) TiO2(c) V2O5(d) CrO3(e) MnO2(f) Fe3O4(g) Co3O4(h) NiO(i) Cu2O
(a) Calculate the number of unpaired electrons in the following gaseous state ions: Mn2+, Cr3+, V3+ and Fe2+ which one of these in the most stable in aqueous solutions? (At. nos. V = 23, Cr = 24, Mn = 25, Fe = 26) (b) Explain the following observations: (i) The transition metal ions are usually coloured in aqueous solutions. (ii) Cu(I) is not stable in an aqueous solution. (iii) The highest oxidation state of a transition metal is exhibited in its oxide or fluoride.
(a) What is the lanthanide contraction? (b) How does it affectatomic size down a group of transition elements? (c) How doesit influence the densities of the Period 6 transition elements?
How would you account for the following: (i) Among lanthanoids, Ln(III) compounds are predominant. However, occasionally in solutions or in solid compounds, +2 and +4 ions are also obtained. (ii) The E°M2+/M for copper is positive (0.34V). Copper is the only metal in the first series of transition elements showing this behaviour. (iii) The metallic radii of the third (5d) series of transition metals are nearly the same as those of the corresponding members of the second series.
How would you account for the following :(i) Among lanthanoids, Ln (III) compounds are predominant. However, occasionally in solutions or in solid compounds, + 2 and + 4 ions are also obtained.(ii) The E°M2+/M for copper is positive (0.34 V).Copper is the only metal in the first series of transition elements showing this behaviour.(iii) The metallic radii of the third (5d) series of transition metals are nearly the same as those of the corresponding members of the second series.
Explain the following: (i) The transition elements have great tendency for complex formation, (ii) There is a gradual decrease in the atomic sizes of transition elements in tt series with increasing atomic numbers. (iii) Lanthanum and Lutetium do not show colouration in solutions. (At. No. : La = 57, Lu = 71)
(a) Explain the major difference between the number of oxi-dation states of most transition elements and that of most main-group elements. (b) Why is the +2 oxidation state so commonamong transition elements?
7.9 Which of the following oxides are likely to be acidic, basic or amphoteric in aqueous solution: (a) MgO; (b) SnO; (c) CO;; (d) P2O5; (e) Sb,O;; (f) SO2; (g) Al½O3; (h) BeO?
We have a pink crystals of an ionic compound of an f- block element (M). The crystals house the octahydrate [ M(H2O)8]3+ and an anion which is not chloride and does not luminesce under UV. (A) First, draw and label a plausible solid-state geometry for the hydrated cation. (B)Provide ALL potential identities for the f- block element, M, based on the information supplied above, defending your choices and discussing the applicable chemical concepts. (C)What are the potential solid state MCI3 geometries and coordination numbers for ALL of the components proposed in section (B)? Explain briefly why, focusing on the key chemical principles. (D) In ion - exchange chromatography, which of the trivalent f-block ions indicated in component (B) would you anticipate to elute first? Explain your response, emphasising the important chemical concepts.
Give reason for each of the following : (a) Molten alumina is a poor conductor of electricity. (b) Ammonia is a good complexing agent. (c) Bleaching by SO2 is temporary. (d) PCl5 is ionic in solid state. (e) Sulphur in vapour form exhibits paramagnetism.
Account for the following observations: (a) Phosphorusforms a pentachloride, but nitrogen does not. (b) H3PO2 isa monoprotic acid. (c) Phosphonium salts, such as PH4Cl,can be formed under anhydrous conditions, but they cannotbe made in aqueous solution. (d) White phosphorus ismore reactive than red phosphorus.
(a) Determine the oxidation number of lead in each of the following oxides: PbO, PbO2, Pb2O3, Pb3O4.(b) The only known lead ions are Pb2+ and Pb4+. How can you reconcile this statement with your answer to part (A)?