A salesman claims that your tap water is contaminated. As evidence, he connects a battery to a pair of “special electrodes” and dips the electrodes in a glass of your tap water. Within a few minutes, white and brown “gunk” appears in the water. The salesman sells a special purifying filter that he claims will remove the contaminants and leave the water pure and clear. Are you buying it? Explain.

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A: Solution -

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Electrolysis

Electrolysis is defined as the process of breaking down ionic compounds into their constituent elements by passing a direct electric current through the compound in a fluid state. The cathode reduces cations, while the anode oxidizes anions. An electrolyte, electrodes, and some form of external power source are the main components required for conducting electrolysis. A partition, such as an ion-exchange membrane or a salt bridge, may also be used, but this is optional. These are primarily used to prevent the products from diffusing near the opposing electrode.