According to the sticky-price model, cou with lower rates of inflation will have a steeper short-run aggregate supply curve ✓ flatter short-run aggregate supply curve vertical short-run supply curve horizontal long-run aggregate supply curve
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- The imaginary country of Harris Island has theaggregate supply and aggregate demand curves as Table24.3 shows. a. Plot the AD/AS diagram. Identify theequilibrium.b. Would you expect unemployment in thiseconomy to be relatively high or low?c. Would you expect concern about inflation in thiseconomy to be relatively high or low?d. Imagine that consumers begin to lose confidenceabout the state of the economy, and so ADbecomes lower by 275 at every price level.Identify the new aggregate equilibrium.e. How will the shift in AD affect the originaloutput, price level, and employment?Countries like China and other developed economies are in the Neo dasmcal zone. What is the best option for these countries to sustain ther economies? a Increase aggregate supply b. Move back to Keynesian Zone c Move back to intermediate zone d. Decrease aggregate demandFor each of the three theories for the upward slopeof the short-run aggregate-supply curve, carefullyexplain the following:a. how the economy recovers from a recession andreturns to its long-run equilibrium without anypolicy interventionb. what determines the speed of that recovery
- Now suppose that droughts in the Southeast and floods in the Midwest substan-tially reduce food production in the United States. Suppose you are an economistworking for the Federal Reserve.d. Use the aggregate demand–aggregate supply model to illustrate graphically the im-pact in the short run and the long run of this adverse supply shock. Be sure to label:i. the axes; ii. the curves; iii. the initial equilibrium values; iv. the direction the curvesshift; v. the short-run equilibrium values; and vi. the long-run equilibrium values.State in words what happens to prices and output in the short run and the long run.e. Use the aggregate demand–aggregate supply model to illustrate graphically your pol-icy recommendation to accommodate this adverse supply shock, assuming that yourtop priority is maintaining full employment in the economy.f. Would you recommend the same policy if your top priority was maintaining the pricestability? Why?Consider a closed economy that begins with her long run equilibrium.Recently, households become more pessimistic. They tend to save more to getprepared.Adopt the sticky-wage model of the short run aggregate supply to explain theshort run effects of this shock. Also, explain the gradual long run adjustmentsover time using the sticky-wage model of the short run aggregate supply. Assume the policymakers do not accommodate the shock.For each of the three theories for the upward slopeof the short-run aggregate-supply curve, e<~rcfullyexplain the following:tl. how the economy recovers from a recession andreturns to its long-run equilibrium without anypoUcy inrerventionb. what determines the speed of that recovery
- What might shift the aggregate-supply curve tothe left? Use the model of aggregate demand andaggregate supply to trace the short-run and long-runeffects of such a shift on output and the price level.Explain whether each of the following events shiftsthe short-run aggregate-supply curve, the aggregatedemand curve, both, or neither. For each event thatdoes shift a curve, draw a diagram to illustrate theeffect on the economy.a. Households decide to save a larger share of theirincome.b. Florida orange groves suffer a prolonged period ofbelow-freezing temperatures.c. Increased job opportunities overseas cause manypeople to leave the country.The table below shows the aggregate equilibrium for the country of Nickeltown. Aggregate Data Year Nickeltown Potential Aggregate Output Current Aggregate Output Price Level 2002 2003 in billions 400 300 In 2002, Nickeltown experienced a ORecessionary gap OInflationary gap in billions 300 90 200 95 OPotential equilibrium What would be an appropriate action for the government of Nickeltown to take? ORaise taxes OIncrease government spending ONothing
- Illustrate and interpretthe short-run and longrun effects of temporary and permanentsupply shocksSuppose Chino is a closed economy. A large portion of the work force has joint astrong labor union. As such, the nominal wages of most workers are downwardrigid.Suppose most households lose their wealth in a recent clash of the stock market.How would the price and output level of Chino be affected in the short run?Explain by using the AD-AS model. Particularly, use the sticky-wage model ofaggregate supply to explain the magnitude of the effects on price and output.Russia is a major exporter of oil, wheat, and palladium. The war in Ukraine lead to a negativesupply shock and push up the price of gasoline. How does the negative supply shock influencethe short-run aggregate supply curve? If the long-run aggregate supply curve does not change,how does the negative supply shock affect the AD-AS equilibrium?