Addison's disease is a thyroid condition in dogs. It is more prevalent in bearded collies than other breeds. Although genetic inheritance for this disorder is uncertain, let's assume for this question that it is an autosomal recessive disorder. Part 1 If the recessive allele that causes Addison's disease is present at a frequency of 0.15, how many dogs in a breeding colony of 100 dogs would you expect to have Addison's? Assume Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. 2 4 30 15
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- Tay-Sachs disease is caused by loss of function mutation in a gene on chromosome 15 that codes for an enzyme. The disease is an inherited autosomal recessive condition which is found amongst Ashkenazi Jews of Central European origin. In this population, 2 in 4,900 children are born with the disease. What proportion of the population are carriers (heterozygotes) for this disease? ALL WORKING MUST BE SHOWNHumans who have an abnormally high level of cholesterol are said to suer from familial hypercholesterolemia . The gene for this disorder is dominant (C). A man who is heterozygous for familial hypercholesterolemia marries a woman who is homozygous for the recessive allele. What is the probability that they will have children that suer from this disorder?The pedigree below shows the inheritance of the rare blistering disease (epidermolysis) in dogs. Affected individuals are indicated in black, and those not showing symptoms (phenotypically normal) of the disease in white. The pedigree below represents an autosomal recessive disease. What characteristic(s) of the pedigree supports this statement? Number the generations and individuals in this pedigree. Write the genotypes and their genotype probabilities for all the individuals in the pedigree. Use E/eas the allele symbols.
- True-breeding diabetes-resistant male monkeys were bred to true-breeding wildtype female monkeys. All the F1 monkeys are phenotypically wildtype. The F1 monkeys are bred to each other, producing eight F2 babies. Only one of the eight F2 monkeys has the diabetes resistance. Is it possible for this condition to be controlled by a single autosomal gene? Use chi-square analysis to test the hypothesis, show your work, and explain your conclusion.A pedigree analysis was performed on the family of a man with schizophrenia. Based on the known concordance statistics, would his MZ twin be at high risk for the disease? Would the twins risk decrease if he were raised in an environment different from that of his schizophrenic brother?A recessive maternal effect mutant in zebrafish, called ichabod, results in embryos lacking heads that are non-viable. You have been instructed to identify females that are homozygous for the ichabod mutant allele. At your disposal are a tank of wild-type fish (males and females), a tank of male and female parental fish that are all heterozygous for the ichabod mutant allele (ichabodl+), and a tank of F1 fish derived from a cross between a heterozygous male and heterozygous female (ichabodl+). Which of the following would be a way to identify females that are homozygous mutant, i.e. ichabodlichabod? Select all answers that would work. Cross F1 females to F1 males and observe their offspring. Crosses that produce headless offspring came from a homozygous female. a. Cross F1 males to females from the parental tank and observe their offspring. 25% of these crosses should produce headless offspring. b. Cross F1 females to F1 males to make the F2 generation. Cross F2 females to F2 males and…
- A recessive maternal effect mutant in zebrafish, called ichabod, results in embryos lacking heads that are non-viable. You have been instructed to identify females that are homozygous for the ichabod mutant allele. At your disposal are a tank of wild-type fish (males and females), a tank of male and female parental fish that are all heterozygous for the ichabod mutant allele (ichabod/+), and a tank of F1 fish derived from a cross between a heterozygous male and heterozygous female (ichabod/+). Which of the following would be a way to identify females that are homozygous mutant, i.e. ichabod/ichabod? Select all answers that would work.You believe that the gene you're investigating, eyes absent, is an autosomal recessive mutant allele F7 ge in Drosophila. You set up a cross between a true-breeding mutant male and a true-breeding wildtype female to obtain the F1 generation. You then cross the F1 flies. In the F2 offspring, you observe the following: 237 wild-type males 180 wild-type females 70 mutant males 83 mutant females Based on these findings, is the mutant allele autosomal recessive? How do you know?Take the example of B-thalassemia, an autosomal recessive genetic disease that particularly affects people from around the Mediterranean. This disease is associated with an anomaly of hemoglobin, a protein essential for the transport of oxygen, which is composed of four chains: two alpha (a) and two beta (B). In case of B-thalassemia, the ẞ chains are produced in insufficient or no quantity in an individual homozygous recessive resulting in insufficient production of overall hemoglobin leading to anemia and other physiological challenges. The gene that controls the synthesis of the ẞ chains is located on chromosome 11. Here is part of the coding portion of this gene (which controls a total of 146 amino acids and of which you only see the portion 36 to 41) and one of the targeted mutations: 1. Give the sequence of amino acids from the template and mutated strands. 2. What type of point mutation is it? 3. Using the principles of the theory of evolution, explain briefly and generally why…
- Sickle cell anemia is caused by a recessive allele at a single gene. As we discussed in class, being a homozygote for the sickle cell allele is almost always lethal, but heterozygotes tend to be resistant against malaria although they have a mild form of anemia. Because of this heterozygote advantage, the allele for sickle cell anemia has a frequency of more than 10% in some human populations. How would present allele frequencies of the sickle cell allele change, if there was no heterozygote advantage or disadvantage (that is, that heterozygotes would be identical to ‘normal’ homozygotes – no malaria resistance, no anemia)? How would the change in sickle cell allele frequencies compare to scenario a (extirpation of malaria)Albinism is caused by an autosomal recessive allele that interferes with skin pigmentation in mammals. Two normally pigmented human parents already have an albino boy. They plan to continue to have children until they get a girl. Some or all of this information is important for each of the questions below. a) What is the probability that their next child (currently unborn) will be a girl with albinism? Explain your reasoning. b) What is the probability their first female child will be albino? Explain your reasoning. c) The answer to part (b) is different (and, yes, the answer is different) from the answer to part (a). Explain why. (Hint: it has something to do with the underlined words.)In humans, the genetic disease cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive allele (a). The normal (healthy) allele is dominant (A). What is the genotype of someone who has cystic fibrosis? What are the two different genotypes that a healthy person could have? If two people were both heterozygous for the cystic fibrosis gene, what fraction of their children would be likely to have this disease? Hint: Draw a Punnett square to figure it out.