An alpha particle (a : = two protons, two neutrons) moves into a stationary gold atom (Au = 79 protons, 118 neutrons), passing through the electron region that surrounds the gold nucleus like a shell and headed directly toward the nucleus (see below). The alpha particle slows until it momentarily stops when its center is at radial distance r = 9.23 fm from the nuclear center. Then it moves back along its incoming path. (Because the gold nucleus is much more massive than the alpha particle, we can assume the gold nucleus does not move.) What was the kinetic energy K; of the alpha particle when it was initially far away (hence external to the gold atom)? Assume that the only force acting between the alpha particle and the gold nucleus is the (electrostatic) Coulomb force and treat each as a single charged particle.
An alpha particle (a : = two protons, two neutrons) moves into a stationary gold atom (Au = 79 protons, 118 neutrons), passing through the electron region that surrounds the gold nucleus like a shell and headed directly toward the nucleus (see below). The alpha particle slows until it momentarily stops when its center is at radial distance r = 9.23 fm from the nuclear center. Then it moves back along its incoming path. (Because the gold nucleus is much more massive than the alpha particle, we can assume the gold nucleus does not move.) What was the kinetic energy K; of the alpha particle when it was initially far away (hence external to the gold atom)? Assume that the only force acting between the alpha particle and the gold nucleus is the (electrostatic) Coulomb force and treat each as a single charged particle.
Chapter12: Relativity, Particle Physics, And Cosmology
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 8C
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