An estimated 1000 kg of plant plankton are needed to produce 100 kg of animal plankton. The animal plankton is in turned consumed by 10 kg of fish, the amount needed by a person to gain 1 kg of body mass. i) explain why the amount of biomass declines at each successive trophic leve
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- “The pyramid of energy is always upright” states that A)The energy conversion efficiency of herbivores is better than carnivores. B)The energy conversion efficiency of carnivores is better than herbivores C)Producers have the lowest energy conversion efficiency D)Energy conversion efficiency is the same in all trophic levelsOne of the lessons from a pyramid of production is that _____. A) eating grain-fed beef is an inefficient means of obtaining the energy trapped by photosynthesis B) the energy lost as heat or lost in cellular respiration is 10% of the available energy of each trophic level C) only one-half of the energy in one trophic level is passed on to the next level D) most of the energy from one trophic level is incorporated into the biomass of the next level E) production efficiency is highest for primary consumersAs a rule of thumb, about one-tenth of the energy or biomass consumed is stored at each trophic level. About how many kg of feed should it take to produce 1 kg of chicken meat that we eat? How much more energy should it take to provide you a meal of meat compared to vegetables?
- 10) The graph describes the relative rates of metabolism that occur at different depths in a lake. I. Evaluate the figure and indicate whether the letters A and D represent only the respiration rate of the organisms. A) TrueB) false II. Evaluate the figure in indicate what the productivity observed at 10 meters is due to. A) Excess nutrients on the surface.B) High temperatures.C) The turbinez of the water at 10 meters.D) The availability of the Light. III. Part of the energy that is not transferred to subsequent trophic levels is used by organisms for their vital processes. What happens to the remaining energy? A) is used in reproduction.B) It is removed as heat.C) It is stored as a reserve of nutrients.D) It is stored as body tissue.In the trophic structure, autotrophs are living organisms that: Are at the top of the chain, referred to as tertiary producers. Photosynthetic organisms that produce their own energy Organisms that receive their energy by consuming producers such as plants Help to decompose the remains of dead organismsIn the Chesapeake Bay estuary, the blue crab is an omnivore that eats eelgrass and other primary producers as well as clams. It is also a cannibal. In turn, the crabs are eaten by humans and by the endangered Kemp's Ridley sea turtle. 1) Based on the above information, describe the food web that includes the blue crab. Identify the trophic levels and the organisms that occupy each. Some organisms may occupy more than one trophic level. 2) Assuming that top-down control occurs in this system, describe what would happen to the abundance of eelgrass if humans stopped eating blue crab.
- Define eutrophication.In an ocean ecosystem, the biomass of an algal community is approximately 3000 kilograms. It can support a food chain up to 4 levels. Considering an efficiency at an average of 10% in passing on energy from one trophic level to the next level, how much biomass of the fourth trophic level can be maintained.1.) Which of the food chains below fit the food web in the diagram? a). Grass - cow - man - decomposers b). decomposers - grains - pig - man c). Man- chicken - grains d). Grass - decomposers - grains 2.) Which organism has the greatest amount of energy? 3.) Which has the least amount of energy? 4.) Which in the least is/are indispensable in the cycling of materials? 5.) Which in the list is/are not important in the cycling of materials? 6.) Which item (s) in the list would be the cheapest yet the best source of nutritional needs in poor countries?
- In not more than 200 words or 5 sentences, answer or explain the following situation. In a seagrass ecosystem, nutrients restrict primary production under low nutrient (oligotrophic) conditions, while light becomes the limiting factor under high nutrient (eutrophic) conditions. Discuss how this happens with respect to the three primary producers (seagrass, macroalgae, phytoplankton) as the condition changes from oligotrophic to eutrophic.Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measure of? How much oxygen needed is needed for growth of aerobic bacteria The extent to which rivers or lakes are polluted with inorganic industrial waste compounds How much oxygen is needed for survival of aerobic bacteria The extent to which rivers or lakes are polluted with organic waste compoundsN Cylcle: Match the steps of the Nitrogen Cycle you would find beneficial based on the professions/goals listed below Farmer wishes to increase vegetable [Choose] production [Choose ] Farmer wishes to decrease runoff of nitrate containing fertilizers in irrigation water denitrification nitrogen fixation and nitrification sewage plant operator wishing to decrease frequeny of HAB's from treated sewage dumped into Sacramento River [ Choose ] water quality consultant working with public who are using many nitrate containing fertilizers; consultant wishes to increase water quality and clarity in Lake Tahoe, [ Choose ]