Assume that money demand in a given economy is represented with MD = 100Pe-50i where i is the nominal interest rate expressed in decimal form. Moreover, assume that the real interest rate is equal to 0 and money is neutral. What is the seignorage maximizing level of the rate of growth of money? a) 2% b) 5% c) -3% d) None of the above
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- 3. An investor wants to be able to buy 4% more goods and services in the future in order to induce her to invest today. During the investment period prices are expected to rise by 2%. Which statement(s) below is/are true? 1. 4% is the desired real rate of interestII. 6% is the approximate nominal rate of interest requiredIII. 2% is the expected inflation rate over the periodA. I onlyB. II onlyC. III onlyD. I and II onlyE. I, II, and III are trueEconomics How are aggregate output and the real interest rate determined in compettive egulbum? OA The aggregate oulput can be found by multiplying current employment by current real wage at the intesection of the current labour supply and demand curves, given the raal inderest rate. and ssubtracting the level of investment in the economy OB. Cument aggregata output and the real interest rate are determined by the intersection of the output supoly and demand ouves OC. Cunent aggregate output can be found by finding current employment from the intersection of the current labour supply and domand ourves given the real interest rate and aocounting tor total tactor productivity OD. The real interest rate is determined by the slope of the output supply curve at a given level of aggregate outputThis refers to an income instrument that represents a loan by an investor to a borrower. O A. Stock О В. Вond O C. Inflation O D. Interest
- 4. Eleanor makes year-end deposits of 500,000 the first year, 550,000 the second year, 605,000 thethird year, and so on increasing the next year’s deposit by 10% of the deposit in the preceding yearuntil the end of the 10th year. Ronald makes equal year-end deposits of 720,00,000 each year for 10years. A.) Is the gradient of Eleanor’s payments increasing or decreasing?B.) If interest on both funds is 12% compounded annually, who will be able to save more atthe end of 10 years.4. Ann has $600,000 that she could consume or leave as a bequest to her daugh- ter. Plotting her consumption (C) on the horizontal axis and the bequest (B) 3B on the vertical axis, Ann finds that her indifference curves have slope Distrusting banks, she keeps her wealth in the form of gold. Thus her wealth earns no interest but is protected from inflation. Her bequest to her daughter C is (a) $150,000 (b) $200,000The table below shows the amount of savings and borrowing in a market for loans to purchase homes, measured in millions of dollars, at various interest rates. InterestRate QuantitySupplied QuantityDemanded5% 98 2216% 129 1917% 160 1608% 178 1429% 196 12410% 214 106 What is the equilibrium interest rate and quantity of loaned funds? r = % Q = Suppose there is a decrease in demand of money, what will happen to interest rates and quantity? Increase in Interest Rates, Increase in Quantity?Increase in Interest Rates, Decrease in Quantity?Decrease in Interest Rates, Increase in Quantity?Decrease in Interest Rates, Decrease in Quantity?
- Consider an economy described by the following equations: Y = C +1 + G AND, Y = 20,000; G = 4,000; T = 4,000; C = 1000 + 0.80(Y – T); : I= 2,500 – 120r. national saving AND the equilibrium real interest rate equal: Select one: O a. national saving 3200 AND the equilibrium real interest rate 2.5%. O b. national saving 2200 AND the equilibrium real interest rate 2.5%. O c.national saving 2500,AND the equilibrium real interest rate 2%. O d. national saving 4000 AND the equilibrium real interest rate 1.5%.The _demand for money arises from the need to hold money as a medium of exchange. This demand for money is a function of Select one: a. transaction; interest rates O b. precautionary; national income O c. transaction; national income O d. speculative; interest ratesSuppose that conditions in the economy are such that the after-tax expected real interest rate is described by the equationRa = a X gWhere a is a number that depends on how people value their consumption in one period compared with another period, and g is the growth rate of the economy. The a equals 1 when people prefer consumption to be balanced, with the same amount of consumption each period; a may be bigger than the one when people prefer consumption today over consumption in the future, with a being larger and larger the more impatient people are:A - Suppose that a = 2, g = 0.02, the inflation rate is expected to be steady at pi = 0.03, and the tax rate is .40. What are the values of the equilibrium nominal interest rate and the before-tax expected real interest rate?B - Beginning with the situation in part a, if the growth rate of the economy increases to .04, what are the new values of the equilibrium nominal interest rate and the before-tax expected real interest rate?C -…
- Suppose that conditions in the economy are such that the after-tax expected real interest rate is described by the equationRa = a X gWhere a is a number that depends on how people value their consumption in one period compared with another period, and g is the growth rate of the economy. The a equals 1 when people prefer consumption to be balanced, with the same amount of consumption each period; a may be bigger than the one when people prefer consumption today over consumption in the future, with a being larger and larger the more impatient people are:A - Suppose that a = 2, g = 0.02, the inflation rate is expected to be steady at pi = 0.03, and the tax rate is .40. What are the values of the equilibrium nominal interest rate and the before-tax expected real interest rate?B - Beginning with the situation in part a, if the growth rate of the economy increases to .04, what are the new values of the equilibrium nominal interest rate and the before-tax expected real interest rate?C-…On June 5, 2003, the European Central Bank acted to decreasethe short-term interest rate in Europe by half a percentagepoint, to 2 percent. The bank’s president at the time, WillemDuisenberg, suggested that, in the future, the bank could reducerates further. The rate cut was made because European coun-tries were growing very slowly or were in recession. What effectdid the bank hope the action would have on the economy? Bespecific. What was the hoped-for result on C, I, and Y?Suppose that conditions in the economy are such that the after-tax expected real interest rate is described by the equationRa = a X gWhere a is a number that depends on how people value their consumption in one period compared with another period, and g is the growth rate of the economy. The a equals 1 when people prefer consumption to be balanced, with the same amount of consumption each period; a may be bigger than the one when people prefer consumption today over consumption in the future, with a being larger and larger the more impatient people are:D - Beginning with the situation in part a, if the expected inflation rate declings to 0.01, what are the new values of the equilibrium nominal interest rate and the before tax expected real interest rate?E - From these results, what general conclusions can you draw about the relationship between the nominal interest rate and the rate of economic growth, the tax rate, and the inflation rate? what about the relationship between the before…