At what distance could one theoretically distinguish two automobile headlights separated by 1.5 meters? Assume a pupil diameter of 0.50 cm and yellow headlights seen at the wavelength 5.0 x 10-7 m. Assume eye fluid has an average n = 1.33.

At what distance could one theoretically distinguish two automobile headlights separated by 1.5 meters? Assume a pupil diameter of 0.50 cm and yellow headlights seen at the wavelength 5.0 x 10-7 m. Assume eye fluid has an average n = 1.33.

Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text

5th Edition

ISBN:9781133104261

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter25: Reflection And Refraction Of Light

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3OQ: What happens to a light wave when it travels from air into glass? (a) Its speed remains the same....

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A horizontal laser beam of wavelength 632.8 nm has a circular cross section 2.00 nun in diameter. A rectangular aperture is to lie placed in the center of the beam so that when the light falls perpendicularly on a wall 4.50 m away, the central maximum fills a rectangle 110 mm wide and 6.00 mm high. The dimensions are measured between the minima bracketing the central maximum. Find the required (a) width and (b) height of the aperture. (c) Is the longer dimension of the central bright patch in the diffraction pattern horizontal or vertical? (d) Is the longer dimension of the aperture horizontal or vertical? (e) Explain the relationship between these two rectangles, using a diagram.
Light enters a prism of crown glass and refracts at an angle of 5.00 with respect to the normal at the interface. The crown glass has a mean index of refraction of 1.51. It is combined with one flint glass prism (n = 1.65) to produce no net deviation. a. Find the apex angle of the flint glass. b. Assume the index of refraction for violet light (v = 430 nm) is nv = 1.528 and the index of refraction for red light (r = 768 nm) is nr = 1.511 for crown glass. For flint glass using the same wavelengths, nv = 1.665 and nr = 1.645. Find the net dispersion.
What happens to a light wave when it travels from air into glass? (a) Its speed remains the same. (b) Its speed increases. (c) Its wavelength increases. (d) Its wavelength remains the same. (e) Its frequency remains the same.
Equation 24.14 assumes the incident light is in air. If the light is incident from a medium of index n1 onto a medium of index n2, follow the procedure used to derive Equation 24.14 to show that tan p = n2/n1.
A beam of 580-nm light passes through two closely spaced glass plates at close to normal incidence as shown in Figure P27.23. For what minimum nonzero value of the plate separation d is the transmitted light bright?
Components of some computers communicate with each other through optical fibers having an index of refraction n = 1.55. What time in nanoseconds is required for a signal to travel 0.200 m through such a fiber?
A goldfish is swimming inside a spherical bowl of water having an index of refraction n = 1.333. Suppose the goldfish is p = 10.0 cm from the wall of a howl of radius |R| = 15.0 cm. as in Figure P23.22. Neglecting the refraction of light caused by the wall of the bowl, determine the apparent distance of the goldfish from the wall according to an observer outside the bowl. Figure P23.22
A narrow beam of white light enters a prism made of crown glass at a 45.0° incident angle, as shown in Figure 25.57. At what angles, R and V, do the red (660 nm) and violet (410 nm) components of the light emerge from the prism? Figure 25.57 This prism will disperse the while light into a rainbow of colors. The incident angle is 45.0°, and the angles at which the red and violet light emerge are R and V.
Both sides of a uniform film that has index of refraction n and thickness d are in contact with air. For normal incidence of light, an intensity minimum is observed in the reflected light at λ2 and an intensity maximum is observed at λ1, where λ1 > λ2. (a) Assuming no intensity minima are observed between λ1 and λ2, find an expression for the integer m in Equations 27.13 and 27.14 in terms of the wavelengths λ1 and λ2. (b) Assuming n = 1.40, λ1 = 500 nm, and λ2 = 370 nm, determine the best estimate for the thickness of the film.
Two rays travelling parallel to the principal axis strike a large plano-convex lens having a refractive index of 1.60 (Fig. P23.54). If the convex face is spherical, a ray near the edge does not pass through the local point (spherical aberration occurs). Assume this face has a radius of curvature of R = 20.0 cm and the two rays are at distances h1 = 0.500 cm and h2 = 12.0 cm from the principal axis. Find the difference x in the position where each crosses the principal axis. Figure P23.54
Two rays travelling parallel to the principal axis strike a large plano-convex lens having a refractive index of 1.60 (Fig. P23.54). If the convex face is spherical, a ray near the edge does not pass through the local point (spherical aberration occurs). Assume this face has a radius of curvature of R = 20.0 cm and the two rays are at distances h1 = 0.500 cm and h2 = 12.0 cm from the principal axis. Find the difference x in the position where each crosses the principal axis. Figure P23.54