Case #2: A new 60-year-old patient presents to the medical clinic with severe angina. He noted that after taking several doses of his sublingual nitroglycerin, he was unable to relieve his anginal pain. His cardiac troponins are elevated and his ECG shows ST wave elevation. He is currently also taking a low dose aspirin. He is 1.8 meters tall with a waist measurement of 1.1 m. Weight is 97 kg, blood pressure is 150/95 mm Hg, and pulse is 85.
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- Case #2: A new 60-year-old patient presents to the medical clinic with severe angina. He noted that after taking several doses of his sublingual nitroglycerin, he was unable to relieve his anginal pain. His cardiac troponins are elevated and his ECG shows ST wave elevation. He is currently also taking a low dose aspirin. He is 1.8 meters tall with a waist measurement of 1.1 m. Weight is 97 kg, blood pressure is 150/95 mm Hg, and pulse is 85. Q13: In the above patient, which best describes their current condition? STEMI NSTEMI Unstable Angina Stable AnginaCardiovascular Case Histories A 32-year-old nurse who had rheumatic fever as a child noticed a persistent tachycardia and light-headedness. Upon examination, chest x-rays showed an enlarged left atrium and left ventricle. ECG analysis showed atrial fibrillation. There was also mild pulmonary edema. Cardiac evaluation resulted in the following information: Cardiac output (CO) 3.4 L/min Blood pressure (BP) 100/58 mm Hg Left atrial pressure (LAP) 16 mm Hg (normal 8-10) Right ventricular pressure (RVP) 44/8 mm Hg (normal 25/4) Heart Rate (HR) = 120 bpm Heart sounds revealed valvular regurgitation. Based on the information provided, which A-V valve is incompetent, allowing the regurgitation? How did you determine this? If the other A-V valve were incompetent instead of this one, would the CO (L ventricle), and BP be different? If so, how? Would you expect the LAP to be normal? Pulmonary hypertension can develop with L sided heart…Case study: Mr. James McDougal, age 68 years old was admitted on July 1st, 2020 with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure, diabetes type 2, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and cellulitis of his left calf. A central line was placed based on Mr. McDougal’s poor vascular status. Current Medications: Allergies: Aspirin 325 mg po daily Penicillin & Sulfa Digoxin (Lanoxin®) 0.125 mg po daily Carvedilol (Coreg®) 25 mg bid Furosemide (Lasix®) 40 mg bid Lisinopril (Zestril®) 5 mg po bid Simvastatin (Zocor®) 40 mg qhs Glyburide (Micronase®) 2.5 mg daily The physician orders are as follows: Admit patient to service of Dr. Monka and cardiac telemetry floor for cardiac monitoring. Out of bed with assistance Oxygen via nasal canula @ 2 L 2000-gram ADA diet Central line dressing as per hospital protocol Lactated Ringers 1000 cc to run over 8 hours via central…
- A 75-year-old male with long-standing hypertension and angina due to coronary heart disease presents with ankle edema, nocturia, increased shortness of breath with activity, and a chronic nonproductive cough. He has a past history of smoking two packs per day and is an ex-alcoholic. His blood pressure is 170/80 and his heart rate is 100. Electrocardiography and chest radiography indicate the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy. Relate the presence of uncontrolled hypertension and coronary artery disease to the development of heart failure in this man. Explain the significance of left ventricular hypertrophy in terms of both a compensatory mechanism and as a pathologic mechanism in the progression of heart failure. Explain the management and treatment for this diagnosis. A 36-year-old woman enters the clinic complaining of headache and not feeling well. Her blood pressure is 175/90 mm Hg. Her renal test results are abnormal, and follow-up tests confirm that she has a stricture…Ben, 59 is an employee who works in a post office. He is 5ft. Tall and weighs 150 pounds. His vital signs are the following : T 36.3°C; HR 94;BP 135/85; pain level 0. At the clinic, he presents himself with a major complaint of "just not feeling well" Dusting ascultation, you hear a heart murmur. How would you identify Ben's heart murmur?Case #2 Mr. H is a 52-year-old male who presents to the emergency department. His left leg is in a cast, and he states that 1 week ago he was in an automobile crash and broke his upper leg. Since that time he has had difficulty “getting around” and has mostly been lying on the couch watching television. On the evening of admission he noticed a sudden onset of dyspnea and chest pain. He denies having orthopnea, cough, hemoptysis, or wheezing. He smoked two packs of cigarettes a day for 19 years, but quit 3 years ago. Blood Gas Arterial Venous pH 7.51 7.40 PaCO2 30 mmHg 45 mmHg PaO2 60 mmHg 30 mmHg HCO3 24 mEq/l 21 mEq/l BE - 1 - 4 SaO2 90 % 60 % Hb 15 g/dl 15 g/dl Interpret his ABG
- For each of the following Patient Profiles, determine the most appropriate triage category (red, yellow, green, or black), and why. patient profiles: 1. walks over to you and has an obvious mangled arm - tells you his arms hurt and painfully crying - respirations : 22/min - radial pulse : 124Miss Josepovic (80 year old) was admitted yesterday following a fall at home. She did not sustain any serious injury but has been kept in for monitoring, medication review and further investigations. Her past medical history is:, Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), mild renal impairment, hypertension, type 2 diabetes. Since admission she has been diagnosed with Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Her medications are: Enalapril 10mg daily, Metformin 1g BD, Paracetamol 1g prn (max dose 4g in 24hors). She has commenced Dabigatran 150mg BD, Metoprolol 50mg BD. Outline the mechanism of action of Dabigatran and Metoprolol and explain the rationale for commencing Miss Josepovic on these drugs.1. The nurse is caring for Mr. Adrian, an 82-year-old man with CHF who has a past medical history of diabetes and renal insufficiency. He is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.125 mg IV and then 0.125 mg PO daily.a. What are the therapeutic effects of cardiac glycosides?b. Is this patient at risk for digoxin toxicity? Explain.c. What are the adverse effects of digoxin?Discuss the nursing considerations for digoxin administration.
- Mr. Reddy is a 62 yo presenting to ED at 1500hrs. He was preparing the gas cylinder for a Sunday BBQ when it suddenly exploded while he was trying to connect the hose. Family standing by tried to extinguish the fire with their hands and tried to remove his clothing. Burns 30% TBSA – Face, hands, bilateral lower limbs. Complaints of severe pain and burning 10/10. Past Medical History: Hypertension, Type II DM Regular medications – Candesartan 8mg, Glimepiride 4mg, Metformin 500mg and Pravastatin 20mg. Fully vaccinated against COVID. Airway. - Patent, superficial burns to right side of face Breathing. - Spontaneous, RR-22mt, SPO2-92% RA, air-entry equal Circulation- Lower limb odema, cap refill 3 seconds, bilateral dorsal pedis pulses weak. BP- 88/50 mmHg, HR- 127/mt, sinus tachycardia, Disability - GCS-15 E4V5M6, PEARL- 3mm, Exposure - Temperature 35.9 deg Celsius. Full thickness burns to right lower limb and right arm, partial thickness burns to left lower limb, bilateral hands.…Jabba the Hut needs some pain relief medication. He weighs 782 pounds. The physician decides the best medication is aspirin. The dosing is 8-10mg/kg. What medication dose is within range? 3223mg O 2675mg 2840mg 3621mgA 73-year-old male complain with severe chest pain, irradiating to the left armand jaw. The patient vital sign are the following: BP: 165/110 mm/Hg HR: 112b/m and RR: 35 r/m. You were sent to the patient room to reassess again his Vital Sign.What is the 1st step to do?A. Call a code blue, stay with the patient until the emergency team comes in.B. Call a code blue, Performed an EKG and stay with the patient until the emergency teamarrives.C. Call a code blue, Performed an EKG, put the patient in Trendelenburg position and stay withthe patient until the emergency team arrives.D. Reassess the patient the patient vital sign like you were told and call for help and wait untilthe emergency team arrive.