certain reaction has AHO +25.9 kJ and AS +55.9 J/K ▼ Part A Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? O exothermic O endothermic Submit Request Answer Part B Does the reaction lead to an increase or decrease in the randomness or disorder of the system? O increase O decrease Submit Part C Request Answer Calculate AG for the reaction at 298 K. Express the free energy change in kilojoules to three significant figures. AG" = ΠΑΣΦ + A tyw kJ I

certain reaction has AHO +25.9 kJ and AS +55.9 J/K ▼ Part A Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? O exothermic O endothermic Submit Request Answer Part B Does the reaction lead to an increase or decrease in the randomness or disorder of the system? O increase O decrease Submit Part C Request Answer Calculate AG for the reaction at 298 K. Express the free energy change in kilojoules to three significant figures. AG" = ΠΑΣΦ + A tyw kJ I

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter17: Spontaneity, Entropy, And Free Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 118CP: Consider the reaction H2(g)+Br2(g)2HBr(g) where H = 103.8 kJ/mol. In a particular experiment, equal...

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Suppose you have an exothermic reaction with H = 15 kJ and a S of +150 J/K. Calculate G and Keq at 10, 100, and 1000 K.
At 1 atm, liquid water is heated above 100C. For this process, which of the following choices (iiv) is correct for Ssurr? S? Suniv? Explain each answer. i. greater than zero ii. less than zero iii. equal to zero iv. cannot be determined
Suppose you have an endothermic reaction with H = + 15 kJ and a S of 150 J/K. Calculate G and Keq at 10, 100, and 1000 K.
Calculate rS for the following reaction at 25 C. 2 H2(g) + O2(g) 2 H2O() (a) 326.6 J/K mol-rxn (b) 139.9 J/K mol-rxn (c) 139.9 J/K mol-rxn (d) 326.6 J/K mol-rxn
When ammonium chloride is added to water and stirred, it dissolves spontaneously and the resulting solution feels cold. Without doing any calculations, deduce the signs of G, H, and S for this process, and justify your choices.
The free energy change, G, for a process at constant temperature and pressure is related to Suniv and reflects the spontaneity of the process. How is G related to Suniv? When is a process spontaneous? Nonspontaneous? At equilibrium? G is a composite term composed of H, T, and S. What is the G equation? Give the four possible sign combinations for H and S. What temperatures are required for each sign combination to yield a spontaneous process? If G is positive, what does it say about the reverse process? How does the G = H TS equation reduce when at the melting-point temperature of a solid-to-liquid phase change or at the boiling-point temperature of a liquid-to-gas phase change? What is the sign of G for the solid-to-liquid phase change at temperatures above the freezing point? What is the sign of G for the liquid-to-gas phase change at temperatures below the boiling point?
Use standard entropies and heats of formation to calculate G f at 25C for (a) cadmium(II) chloride (s). (b) methyl alcohol, CH3OH(l). (c) copper(I) sulfide (s).
Given that H f for HF(aq) is -320.1 kJ/mol and S for HF(aq) is 88.7 J/mol K, find Ka for HF at 25C.
Why is it usually easier to use G to determine the spontaneity of a process rather than Su ?
Some games include dice with more than six sides. If you roll two eight-sided dice, with faces numbered one through eight, what is the probability of rolling two eights? What is the most probable roll?
What is a nonspontaneous reaction?
What determines Ssurr for a process? To calculate Ssurr at constant pressure and temperature, we use the following equation: Ssurr = H/T. Why does a minus sign appear in the equation, and why is Ssurr inversely proportional to temperature?