Consider a closed economy with consumption, production, and government. The representative consumer always desires a consumption bundle where the quantities of consumption and leisure are such that C=al and a = 1. Show the following on your answer sheet. [1] Suppose that w = 0.75, profit = 8, and T = 6. Determine the consumer's optimal choice of consumption and leisure, showing every step of your calculation. [2] Illustrate the consumer's equilibrium from part [1] in a diagram.
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- (In this question we denote income by Y, not by W as in the lecture notes). The following figure shows a two-good consumption space for an agent. The horizontal axis measures good x and the vertical axis measures good y. There are three budget lines shown in the figure. The first budget line has vertical intercept Y/py and horizontal intercept Y/px. The second budget line has vertical intercept Y/p’y<Y/py, and horizontal intercept Y/px. The third budget line has vertical intercept Y/py, and horizontal intercept Y/p’x< Y/px. There are two indifference curves. These are downward sloping thin curves that do not touch. One of this curves intersects the first budget line only at bundle (3,2). The other curve intersects the second budget line only at (4,0.6) and intersects the third budget line only at (1,2.5). Can we conclude that good y is a Giffen good for some market situation? No. Yes.10.3. Suppose the production possibility frontier for guns (X) and butter (Y) is given by X² + 2Y2 = 900 a. Graph this frontier. b. If individuals always prefer consumption bundles in which Y = 2X, how much X and Y will be produced? c. At the point described in part b, what will be the slope of the production possibility frontier, and what price ratio will cause production to take place at that point? (Hint: By using the approach in the numerical exam- ples in this chapter, show that the slope of this pro- duction possibility frontier is -X/2Y.) d. Show your solution on the figure from part a.Suppose you have the following utility function. U(X,Y)=(X^2)+(Y^2). Again, let's assume you have $40 to spend, and the prices are P_x=2 and P_y=1. Find the utility maximizing consumption level of X and Y Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a Question 29 b C x=16, y=8 x=20, y=0 x=0, y=40
- True/false, no need to explain. (a) There is no perfect way to aggregate individual preferences to a single "social" preferences (b) “Before enacting a policy, try to put ourself in the shoes of those who will be negatively impacted mostly.” This sentence is best to summarise the Benthamite welfare function (c) If a person's utility is simply a function of her own consumption, and the welfare function is derived from individuals utility function, then we will not have consumption externalities. (d) An allocation cannot be both equitable and Pareto efficient.You are choosing between two goods, X and Y, and your marginal utility from each is as shown in the following table. If your income is $9 and the prices of X and Y are $2 and $1, respectively, what quantities of each will you purchase to maximize utility? What total utility will you realize? Assume that, other things remaining unchanged, the price of X falls to $1. What quantities of X and Y will you now purchase? Using the two prices and quantities for X, derive a demand schedule (a table showing prices and quantities demanded) for X.Juan is currently working in a job that pays $25 an hour and he chooses to work 8 hours per day. Assume that Juan can work a maximum of 16 hours a day, and he has complete flexibility in how many hours a day he works. Illustrate Juan’s budget constraint and his optimal choice of consumption and leisure. What is the slope of his budget constraint? What does this slope represent? (As on any graph you draw, make sure that you label the axes, the intercepts and the optimal choice.) Juan begins receiving a government transfer payment of $100 per day. Add his new budget constraint to your graph in (a) and show his new optimal choice. Does he choose more or less consumption? More or less leisure? Explain why for both goods. The government imposes a tax of 25% on Juan’s earnings from work and increases his government transfer to $150 per day (the government transfer payment is not taxed.) Redraw the budget constraint from part (b) (omit the part (a) budget constraint), and add a new budget…
- You are choosing between two goods, X and Y, and your marginal utility from each is as shown in the table below. If your income is $9 and the prices of X and Y are $2 and $1, respectively, what quantities of each will you purchase to maximize utility? What total utility will you realize? Assume that, other things remaining unchanged, the price of X falls to $1. What quantities of X and Y will you now purchase? Using the two prices and quantities for X, derive a demand schedule (price–quantity-demanded table) for X.Derive with the help of indifference curves and the budget constraint the optimal consumption plan. How do you transfer the optimal consumption plan into an individual demand function?Part 1: Illustrate general equilibrium and the Laffer curve in the context of a repre- sentative consumer with a utility function: U(C,1) = In(C) + In(1) that he or she maximises subject to a constraint: C= w(1- t)(h – 1) + * where w, h,1, C, t and r are wages, hours of time available, leisure, eonsumption, tax rate, and dividend income. The production function for this economy is given by Y = C+G = A(h – 1)/2 Assume that h = 1, A = 1 and that the government has a balanced budget. (a) Find the equilibrium by matching the Marginal Rate of Substitution to the Marginal Rate of Transformation and then substitute into the constraint. Also take into account that profits are non-zero for this setup. (b) Plot the government tax revenue for 0Suppose we observe a rational consumer make the following choices: Ch(a, b, c) = b Ch(b, c, d) = b, and Ch(c, d, e) = c . True or False: These choices imply b > e True FalseReceive with the help of indifference curves and the budget outline the optimal consumption plan. How do you transfer the optimal consumption plan into an individual demand function?Consider two consumers, A and B, who consume two goods, x and y. Assume that the utility function for A is UA Ay and the utility function for B is UB = BYB. Consumer A is endowed with 10 units of x an 10 units of y. Consumer B is endowed with 10 units of x and 40 units of y. Consider consumer A alone, what share of their income do they spend on each good? Share on x Share on y = [Choose ] 1/2 2/3 1/4 3/4 ✓ 1 1/3SEE MORE QUESTIONS