Consider a simple Robinson Crusoe economy with two goods. Robinson is endowed with T = 1 units of time. He uses time t to produce guavas x and time ty to produce oysters y. The remaining time l = T – të – ty is leisure. Robinson's utility is given by U (x, y,l) = x² · y + al, where a > 0 is a parameter that captures the importance of leisure. The production functions have the form 1 z(t-) = VE, y(ty) = /ty. (i) First assume that a = 1. Find the Pareto-efficient allocation for this economy.
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- O See Hint A consumer faces a tradeoff between labor (L) and leisure (R). She consumes a composite good (C). When the consumer works, she earns an hourly wage of $20.00, and she spends a maximum of 24 hours on labor and leisure, but she chooses to work 7.00 hours. Whatever time she does not spend working, she spends on leisure. She starts with an initial endowment of 21.00 units of the composite good, which she can buy and sell freely at a market price of $9.00. Given this information, what is the consumer's real wage? * $ 15.56John works in a shoe factory. He can work as many hours per day as he wishes at a wage rate w. Let C be the amount of dollars he spends on consumer goods and R. be the number of hours of leisure that he chooses. John's preferences are represented by U(C, R) = CR utility function Question 2 Part a John earns $8 an hour and has 18 hours per day to devote to labor or leisure, and he has $16 of nonlabor income per day. Draw John's indifference curves, budget constraints and solve for his optimal consumption and leisure choices.1. An individual derives utility from the consumption of a basket of goods, c and leisure time, given by U(c, l) =cºl(1-a) where 0 < a < 1, is a constant; and must decide how to allocate her time between work, L and leisure to maximize her utility. The individual has a total of 24 hrs in a day (L + l = 24) and total consumption is constrained by her income; i.e., c = wL, where w the real per hour, is taken as given. (a) Solve for the optimal labor supply.
- Aisha is considering how to allocate the next 6 hours of her free time. She could choose between leisure (L) and helping her neighbour with the house chores. If she decides to help her neighbour, she is going to get paid at £25 per hour, which she can then spend on her favourite pizza (P). Suppose the price of pizza is £12.50. Aisha’s preferences for leisure and pizza are given by the following utility function: . U(L,P)= 3L + P MU(L)= 3 MU(P)=1 Write down Aisha’s budget equation and draw the corresponding budget line. Clearly label the axes and calculate the coordinates of the points of intersection of the budget line with each axis. Calculate Aisha’s marginal rate of substitution between leisure and pizza. Explain the concept of MRS and interpret the figure obtained. Find Aisha’s optimal consumption bundle, both algebraically and graphically. Explain your reasoning. Would Aisha’s optimal choice change if she could get a discount on her pizza purchases so that each pizza would cost…EXERCISE 7 Aisha is considering how to allocate the next 6 hours of her free time. She could choose between leisure (L) and helping her neighbour with the house chores. If she decides to help her neighbour, she is going to get paid at £25 per hour, which she can then spend on her favourite pizza (P). Suppose the price of pizza is £12.50. Aisha's preferences for leisure and pizza are given by the following utility function: U(L, P) = 3L + P. (MU₁ = 3, MUp = 1). a) Write down Aisha's budget equation and draw the corresponding budget line. Clearly label the axes and calculate the coordinates of the points of intersection of the budget line with each axis. b) Calculate Aisha's marginal rate of substitution between leisure and pizza. Explain the concept of MRS and interpret the figure obtained. c) Find Aisha's optimal consumption bundle, both algebraically and graphically. Explain your reasoning. d) Would Aisha's optimal choice change if she could get a discount on her pizza purchases so…This is a question about marginal analysis where one dependent variable is determined by two independent variables. If Utility =.5lnX+3Z+10+4√W then Marginal utility from X is....;. and the Mu of Z is ..... Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a10; 3 b 3, 4 c .5/X; 3 d 2/√W; 3
- January is choosing how much of pudding (measured on the horizontal axis) and how much of meat (measured on the vertical axis) to purchase with limited budget of $100. The price of pudding is $1.25 per pound and the price of meat is $3.75 per pound. Suppose the consumer wants to purchase the consumption bundle (20,40). This consumption bundle will be attainable O None of the other alternatives are correct O unattainable O efficientRonald is an Economics students who likes to spend his leisure time of sixty hours a month doing one of two activities: watching movies at Dendy Cinemas Newtown (x), and indoor-climbing (y). A trip to the movies takes 3 hours, and each visit to the climbing gym lasts 5 hours. Further, suppose that Ronald has a fixed monthly monetary budget to spend on leisure activi- ties. He currently exhausts this entire budget by watching two movies and visiting the climbing gym fifteen times. With this monthly budget, he would also have been able to afford exactly seven movies and six visits to the climbing gym. Assume that both goods are perfectly divisible. (a) Write down Ronald's money and time constraints as algebraic inequalities. (b) Show, using algebra, that Ronald's two budget lines intersect at the bundle (x, y) (5.5, 8.7). = (c) Plot Ronald's money constraint using a red dotted line. Plot Ronald's time constraint using a blue dotted line. Clearly label each constraint, any axis…George enjoys bananas and leisure. He sleeps 8 hours per day. Of the remaining 16 hours, for each hour he works he is paid 2 bananas. He also receives 6 bananas in dividends but has to pay 6 bananas in taxes. Draw George’s budget constraint (put consumption on the vertical axis and leisure on the horizontal). Make sure to show the vertical and horizontal intercepts as well as the slope. Now suppose that George chooses to work 6 hours per day. Find how many hours o f leisure and how many bananas he will consume, and show his optimal choice on the budget line using an indifference curve. Suppose that the government uses some of the taxes to give back to George income assistance of 4 bananas. Show the impact of the measure on George’s budget constraint Use an indifference curve to show George’s new optimal allocation and explain what will happen to his consumption of bananas and leisure if both are normal goods. The graphs below shows the behaviour of consumption of durables and…
- Suppose a consumer has a monthly income of m = 100 which she spendson two commodities: french fries (x1) and beef jerky (x2). The price offrench fries is p1 = 2 and the price of beef jerky is p2 = 5.(a) Write down the consumer’s budget constraint (equation).(b) What is the maximal consumption of french fries (this is calledthe real income in french fries).(c) Find the maximal consumption of beef jerky (real income interms of beef jerky).For this question, assume that indifference curves are strictly convex, consumption andleisure are normal goods, and the optimal amounts of consumption, leisure, and labor arealways positive. A wage increase ______. (SE = substitution effect; IE = income effect)(a) increases labor supply via the SE and decreases labor supply via the IE(b) decreases labor supply via the SE and decreases labor supply via the IE(c) increases labor supply via the SE and increases labor supply via the IE(d) decreases labor supply via the SE and increases labor supply via the IE(e) Can’t tell without knowing the utility functionConsider an individual who receives utility from consumption, c, and leisure, l. The individual has L time to allocate to work, n, and leisure. The individual’s consumption is a function of how much he works. In particular, c = root n. The individual’s maximization problem is max U =ln(c)+θl subject to c = √n n+l=L where θ > 0. Solve the maximization problem. Hint: Substitute both constraints into the objective function.