Could owning a cat as a child be related to mental illness later in life? Toxoplasmosis is a disease transmitted primarily through contact with cat feces, and has recently been linked with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses. Also, people infected with Toxoplasmosis tend to like cats more and are 2.5 times more likely to get in a car accident, due to delayed reaction times. The CDC estimates that about 22.5% of Americans are infected with Toxoplasmosis (most have no symptoms), and this prevalence can be as high as 95 % in other parts of the world. A study' randomly selected 262 people registered with the National Alliance for the Mentally III (NAMI), almost all of whom had schizophrenia, and for each person selected, chose two people from families without mental illness who were the same age, sex, and socioeconomic status as the person selected from NAMI. Each participant was aske whether or not they owned a cat as a child. The results showed that 136 of the 262 people in the mentally ill group had owned a cat while 220 of the 522 people in the not mentally ill group had owned a cat. (a) For this study, calculate the relevant difference in proportions; proportion of cases (those with schizophrenia) who owned a cat as a child minus proportion of controls (no mental illness) who owned a cat as a child. Round your answer to three decimal places. Pi - P2 = (b) For testing the hypothesis that the proportion of cat owners is higher in the schizophrenic group than the control group, use technology to generate a randomization distribution and calculate the p-value. Round your answer to three decimal places.
Could owning a cat as a child be related to mental illness later in life? Toxoplasmosis is a disease transmitted primarily through contact with cat feces, and has recently been linked with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses. Also, people infected with Toxoplasmosis tend to like cats more and are 2.5 times more likely to get in a car accident, due to delayed reaction times. The CDC estimates that about 22.5% of Americans are infected with Toxoplasmosis (most have no symptoms), and this prevalence can be as high as 95 % in other parts of the world. A study' randomly selected 262 people registered with the National Alliance for the Mentally III (NAMI), almost all of whom had schizophrenia, and for each person selected, chose two people from families without mental illness who were the same age, sex, and socioeconomic status as the person selected from NAMI. Each participant was aske whether or not they owned a cat as a child. The results showed that 136 of the 262 people in the mentally ill group had owned a cat while 220 of the 522 people in the not mentally ill group had owned a cat. (a) For this study, calculate the relevant difference in proportions; proportion of cases (those with schizophrenia) who owned a cat as a child minus proportion of controls (no mental illness) who owned a cat as a child. Round your answer to three decimal places. Pi - P2 = (b) For testing the hypothesis that the proportion of cat owners is higher in the schizophrenic group than the control group, use technology to generate a randomization distribution and calculate the p-value. Round your answer to three decimal places.
Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition 2012
1st Edition
ISBN:9780547587776
Author:HOLT MCDOUGAL
Publisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL
Chapter11: Data Analysis And Probability
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 8CR
Related questions
Question
Transcribed Image Text:Could owning a cat as a child be related to mental illness later in life? Toxoplasmosis is a disease transmitted primarily through
contact with cat feces, and has recently been linked with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses. Also, people infected with
Toxoplasmosis tend to like cats more and are 2.5 times more likely to get in a car accident, due to delayed reaction times. The CDC
estimates that about 22.5% of Americans are infected with Toxoplasmosis (most have no symptoms), and this prevalence can be as
high as 95 % in other parts of the world. A study" randomly selected 262 people registered with the National Alliance for the
Mentally III (NAMI), almost all of whom had schizophrenia, and for each person selected, chose two people from families without
mental illness who were the same age, sex, and socioeconomic status as the person selected from NAMI. Each participant was asked
whether or not they owned a cat as a child. The results showed that 136 of the 262 people in the mentally ill group had owned a cat,
while 220 of the 522 people in the not mentally ill group had owned a cat.
(a) For this study, calculate the relevant difference in proportions; proportion of cases (those with schizophrenia) who owned a cat
as a child minus proportion of controls (no mental illness) who owned a cat as a child.
Round your answer to three decimal places.
Pi - P2 =
(b) For testing the hypothesis that the proportion of cat owners is higher in the schizophrenic group than the control group, use
technology to generate a randomization distribution and calculate the p-value.
Round your answer to three decimal places.
Transcribed Image Text:Round your answer to three decimal places.
p-value =
(c) Do you think this provides evidence that there is an association between owning a cat as a child and developing schizophrenia??
1Torrey, E.F., Simmons, W., Yolken, R.H. (2015). "Is childhood cat ownership a risk factor for schizophrenia later in life?" Schizophrenia
Research, June 2015, 165(1):1-2.
2Even if you owned a cat as a child, you probably do not have to worry. Schizophrenia has a strong genetic component, and most cat
owners do not go on to develop schizophrenia. However, because of this study, you may want to think twice before letting children
(or pregnant women) come into contact with cat feces. If you love cats but are worried by this study, cats always kept indoors are
thought to be safe.
Expert Solution
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
This is a popular solution!
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 7 steps
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Recommended textbooks for you
Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition…
Algebra
ISBN:
9780547587776
Author:
HOLT MCDOUGAL
Publisher:
HOLT MCDOUGAL
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897…
Algebra
ISBN:
9780079039897
Author:
Carter
Publisher:
McGraw Hill
Calculus For The Life Sciences
Calculus
ISBN:
9780321964038
Author:
GREENWELL, Raymond N., RITCHEY, Nathan P., Lial, Margaret L.
Publisher:
Pearson Addison Wesley,
Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition…
Algebra
ISBN:
9780547587776
Author:
HOLT MCDOUGAL
Publisher:
HOLT MCDOUGAL
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897…
Algebra
ISBN:
9780079039897
Author:
Carter
Publisher:
McGraw Hill
Calculus For The Life Sciences
Calculus
ISBN:
9780321964038
Author:
GREENWELL, Raymond N., RITCHEY, Nathan P., Lial, Margaret L.
Publisher:
Pearson Addison Wesley,
Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu…
Algebra
ISBN:
9781680331141
Author:
HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT
Publisher:
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
College Algebra (MindTap Course List)
Algebra
ISBN:
9781305652231
Author:
R. David Gustafson, Jeff Hughes
Publisher:
Cengage Learning