Darwin's theory of natural selection explains: O The way life began. The way evolution works at the genetic level. O The way dinosaurs became extinct. O That traits within a breeding population that are adaptive to specific environmental circumstances become more numerous in that population over time.
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- EVOLUTION LINK Write short paragraphs explaining each of the following statements: (a) Natural selection chooses from among the individuals in a population those most suited to current environmental conditions. It does not guarantee survival under future conditions. (b) Individuals do not evolve, but populations do. (c) The organisms that exist today do so because their ancestors had traits that allowed them and their offspring to thrive. (d) At the molecular level, evolution can take place by the replacement of one nucleotide by another. (e) Evolution is said to have occurred within a population when measurable genetic changes are detected.The neutral theory of evolution proposed that most genetic mutations are functionally neutral or nearly neutral. Neutral mutations would be fixed in a population by: O the invariance of DNA O random genetic drift O balancing selection natural selection asexual reproductionWhich of the following statements about natural selection is not true? O Natural selection operates according to differential reproductive success of individuals. O Natural selection usually predominates in small population only. O The cumulative effects of natural selection gives rise to individuals that can survive in a specific environment. O Natural selection results in evolution when individuals with higher survival and reproductive rates pass on these traits to their offspring.
- If variation in a trait is only due to environmental variation, and not genetic variation, how will directional natural selection change that trait value through time? [select one]: O Natural selection is likely to cause that trait to evolve Can't tell from information provided O That trait will be eliminated O Natural selection will not cause that trait to evolveDeer mice are usually found in the woods and are dark brown in color. The deer mice that live in the Sand Hills of Nebraska, however, have evolved a lighter coloring, the result of a change in one gene. How does this information illustrate natural selection?* O Speciation occurs when groups are geographically isolated. O The population evolved when the gene frequency remained the same. O Individuals, not populations, evolve. A variation helped individuals to survive in their environment and to pass on their genes to the next generation.Which of the following comparisons between natural and sexual selection between is FALSE? O Variation underlying traits must have a genetic basis and be heritable under both natural and sexual selection. Under sexual selection, fitness is defined in terms of offspring number, whereas under natural selection offspring number and survuval influence fitness. Both natural and sexual selection require variation in traits that affect fitness. Under natural selection, fitness is compared across all individuals within a population, whereas for sexual selection comparisons of fitness are only relevant among individuals within a given sex (i.e., males only or females only).
- In a population of lizards, color is genetically determined. The current population has two two phenotypes: blue and yellow. Which of the following scenarios could result in evolution by migration? O A disease indiscriminately reduces the population by 90%. Birds are better able to see and therefor prey on blue lizards The population is joined by individuals from a nearby population that has an allele for a red phenotype. Females preferentially mate with individuals exhibiting the blue phenotype.Which of the following is true about natural selection? O It can only act on traits that are heritable and show variation. It always favors large, strong individuals. It allows species to choose what adaptations are passed on to offspring. O It acts on individual organisms, helping them become better adapted to their environment.Choose the assumption of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium that best applies to the following statement. "Random changes of DNA can lead to new genes which code for proteins that give an organism a new adaptation." O Random Mating O No Gene Flow O Large Population Size O No Natural Selection O No Mutation
- The Galapagos finches' response to changing environmental conditions. Research Notes: (focus on how and why the population changed over time)▪Step by step explanation of how a population can change over time, using your example▪Description of inherited variation within the population▪Explanation of why some individuals isbetter able to survive and produce offspring.▪A description of the adaptation that is being favored by natural selection▪Data to support explanationsWhat is an adaptation? (select all that apply) A trait that more prevalent in a population as the result of natural selection O A trait that gives an organism a reproductive advantage in its current environment A trait that gives rise to a new speciesFour of the five factors below support the mechanism of natural selection. In contrast, the fifth factor blocks natural selection from occurring. Which one of the factors listed below does NOT lead to natural selection, but instead stops it from occurring? O Characteristics are inherited - passed from parent to offspring. O Organisms in a population are identical to each other. O There is competition among organisms in a population. O More offspring are born than can survive. O Organisms in a population vary in characteristics that affect how well they survive and reproduce. o o oO