Dinitrophenol (DNP) is a lipid soluble H+ binding drug that equalizes the H+ concentration across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Which of the following would you predict to occur upon addition of DNP to a cell? Halt in both pyruvate oxidation and ATP synthesis Halt in pyruvate oxidation and continuation in ATP synthesis Continuation in pyruvate oxidation and halt in ATP synthesis Continuation in both pyruvate oxidation and ATP synthesis
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- In beta oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria, ubiquinone (via FAD / FADH2) from the respiratory chain acts as an oxidizing agent in one oxidation step and NAD + as an oxidizing agent in the other oxidation step. Discuss the exchange of ATP per oxygen molecule consumed in the breakdown of fatty acids into acetyl-COAI in relation to the exchange of ATP perroxygen molecule consumed if only NADH is the electron source for the respiratory chain.Calcium is an important regulator of the citric acid cycle. Calcium is transported across the mitochondrial inner membrane by a Ca²- 2+ uniporter that is driven by the negative potential inside the matrix. Part A Assuming a membrane potential across the inner membrane of 172 mV (inside negative), calculate the ratio of the [Ca2+] in the matrix to that in the cytoplasm ([Ca2+]m/[Ca²+]c) that would exist at equilibrium (i.e., AG = 0). Express your answer using two significant figures. [Ca2+]m [Ca2+] = ΤΟ ΑΣΦ Submit Request Answer Part B ? Cytoplasmic [Ca2+] is on the order of 10-7 M in a healthy cell. Based on your answer in Part A, calculate the [Ca2+] that would exist in the matrix at equilibrium. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units. ☐ μÅ ? Value UnitsAssuming that the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is operative, a complete oxidation of three molecules of glucose (by a eukaryotic cell) into carbon dioxide and water would produce approximately ATP molecules via oxidative phosphorylation only. (Consider NADH = 2.5 ATP and FADH2 = 1.5 ATP)
- Propose that you have discovered a new ATP synthase from the mitochondrion of an organism onthe planet X. You found that the mitochondrion from this newly discovered organism has exactly thesame electron transport chain as human beings. In addition, this newly discovered ATP synthase hassimilar subunit composition and arrangements as human beings, excepting that such newlydiscovered ATP synthase contain 6 c-subunits. Theoretically, the P/O ratio for the oxidation of FADH2 to water in this organism is: 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 None of the above Need more information Which statement is NOT true about the transport of ATP across the inner mitochondrial membraneon its way to the cytosol? The transport causes the loss of a net charge of -1 in the matrix. It is accomplished by adenine nucleotide translocase. The same enzyme that transports ATP also transport ADP in the opposite direction. It is complexed with Mg2+ to reduce the draw on the electrical part of the protonmotive force.There is a proposal that pyrazole could protect against the damaging effects of alcohol on the liver that resultfrom prolonged decrease in the ratio of [NAD+]/[NADH] caused by the oxidation of alcohol. ( NAD+ isrequired for several key dehydrogenation steps in the pathway of glucose synthase. NADH promotes theaccumulation of fat in the liver cells) Assuming that pyrazole is not toxic and that it is transported to the liver,evaluate its potential as an antidote to liver damage in treating chronic alcoholism. Would it be a reasonabletherapeutical candidate? Explain. Please explain and please don't copy bartleyby answer.ADP and inorganic phosphate are provided for oxidative phosphorylation via an: ADP-ATP antiport and a proton-phosphate symport in the inner mitochondrial membrane. ADP-ATP antiport and a proton-phosphate symport in the outer mitochondrial membrane. O ADP-ATP antiport in the inner mitochondrial membrane and a phosphate uniport in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. ADP-phosphate symport in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- Which of the following statements about oxidative phosphorylation is correct? O H+ ions are transferred from Complex I or Complex II to ATP synthase where ATP production occ O Proton pumps transfer electrons from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix as electrons are tra O The chemical and electrical gradient is established between the intermembrane space and the ma electron carriers. O ATP synthase pumps electrons back to the intermembrane space as a consequence of electrocher mitochondrial matrix. • PreviousCalculate the net ATP production during the complete oxidation of one tripalmitoylglycerolmolecule into CO2 and H2O in the liver. Do you think the same number of net ATP moleculeswill be produced from the complete oxidation of one tripalmitoylglycerol molecule into CO2 andH2O in the liver and in the skeletal muscle? Why or why notAlthough phosphoesters are generally not energetic enough to donate the phosphate to make a high energy bond (e.g., a phosphoanhydride), the phosphate in PEP is used to convert ADP to ATP in the pyruvate kinase reaction. Carefully explain the ‘quirk’ of this reaction that makes it energetically feasible.
- Given what you know about the involvement of nicotinamide nucleotides inoxidative and reductive metabolic reactions, predict whether the followingintracellular concentration ratios should be 1, > 1, or < 1. Explain youranswers.(a) [NAD+] >[NADH](b) [NADP+] >[NADPH](c) Since NAD+ and NADP+ are essentially equivalent in their tendency to attract electrons, discuss how the two concentration ratios might bemaintained inside cells at greatly differing values.In the presence of excess oxygen, a complete oxidation of seven molecules of glucose into carbon dioxide and water, by a yeast cell, would produce approximately ATP molecules via oxidative phosphorylation only. (Consider NADH = 3 ATP and FADH2 = 2 ATP)On what basis can one conclude that the enzyme deficiency is associated with the electrontransfer chain and not with the efficiency of proton translocation for ATP synthesis or translocation ofadenine nucleotides across the inner mitochondrial membrane? Where is the enzyme defect located?