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- 6.4 Write genotypes correctly to indicate if two genes are linked or not and if linked, the arrangement of the alleles on homologues.6.3 Determine whether or not two genes are linked and explain how you know3.23 The following pedigree shows the inheritance of a reces- sive trait. Unless there is evidence to the contrary, assume that the individuals who have married into the family do not carry the recessive allele. What is the chance that the offspring of the following matings will show the trait: (a) III-1 × III-12; (b) II-4 × III-14; (c) III-6 × III-13; (d) IV-1 X IV-2? I || III 2 2 3 4 LO 5 3 6 7 8 1 1 2 9 10 2 5 6 7 8 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
- 7.13 In rabbits, the dominant allele C is required for colored fur; the recessive allele c makes the fur colorless (albino). In the presence of at least one C allele, another gene determines whether the fur is black (B, dominant) or brown (b, recessive). A homozygous strain of brown rab- bits was crossed with a homozygous strain of albinos. The F, were then crossed to homozygous double reces- sive rabbits, yielding the following results: black 34; brown 66; albino 100. Are the genes b and clinked? What is the frequency of recombination? Diagram the crosses, showing the arrangement of the genetic markers on the chromosomes. 13.11 The accompanying gel diagram shows the banding patterns observed among the progeny of a crossS between double heterozygous genotypes shown at the left (P1 and P2). On the right are shown the pat- emoterns of bands observed among the progeny. The P60r bands are numbered 1-4.6.8 Define a map unit and explain why map units best reflect the real distances between two genes only when the genes are relatively close together.
- 7.7 Genes a and b are 20 cM apart. An a* b*la* b* individual was mated with an a bla b individual. (a) Diagram the cross and show the gametes produced by each parent and the genotype of the F₁. (b) What gametes can the F, produce, and in what proportions? (c) If the F, was crossed to a bla b individuals, what off- spring would be expected, and in what proportions? (d) Is this an example of the coupling or repulsion link- age phase? (e) If the F, were intercrossed, what offspring would be expected, and in what proportions?3.9 Which mode of inheritance is suggested by the fol- lowing pedigree? Based on this hypothesis, and assuming that the trait is rare and has complete pen- etrance, what are the possible genotypes of all indi- viduals in this pedigree? norative6.12 For organisms with linear asci (fungal genetics) recognize the ascus patterns (MI, MII, PD, NPD, TT) and use this information to map two genes relative to one another and to their respective centromeres. Draw the resulting map and make adjustments where necessary, explaining the reasons for the adjustment.
- 3.15 The pedigree shown here is for a rare autosomal recessive trait with complete penetrance. You may assume that no one in the pedigree has the recessive allele unless that person inherits it from either I-1 or II-4 or both.Figure 7.2 If a mutation occurs so that a fungus is no longer able to produce a minus mating type, will it still be able to reproduce? Figure 7.2 (a) In animals, sexually reproducing adults form haploid gametes from diploid germ cells. (b) Fungi, such as black bread mold (Rhizopus nigricans), have haploid-dominant life cycles. (c) Plants have a life cycle that alternates between a multicellular haploid organism and a multicellular diploid organism. (credit c fern: modification of work by Cory Zanker; credit c gametophyte: modification of work by Vlmastra/Wikimedia Commons)7.18 In Drosophila, the genes st (scarlet eyes), ss (spineless bris- tles), and e (ebony body) are located on chromosome 3, with map positions as indicated: SS e 58 70 st 44 Each of these mutations is recessive to its wild-type allele (st+, dark red eyes; sst, smooth bristles; et, gray body). Phenotypically wild-type females with the genotype st ss et/st stt sste were crossed with triply recessive males. Predict the phenotypes of the progeny and the frequen- cies with which they will occur assuming (a) no interfer- ence and (b) complete interference.