Draw a stepwise mechanism for the following reaction in (a) acid-catalyzed and (b) base-catalyzed hydration. H H formaldehyde H₂O HO OH formaldehyde hydrate

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Diol

In chemistry there are so many chemical compounds that have a hydroxyl group but a chemical compound having two hydroxyl groups (-OH) is termed as a diol. It also implies the presence of two alcohols whereas polyols contain two or more than two hydroxyl groups (-OH). Glycol or 1,2-diol is an aliphatic diol that has two alcohol groups on adjacent carbon atoms. In industries, the most commonly used diol is ethylene glycol.