Each time a new tRNA is added to the A site, it adds its amino acid to the bottom of the growing chain. Then the ribosome moves to the next codon. Now, this tRNA is in the ________ site, and it is holding the chain of _________________

Each time a new tRNA is added to the A site, it adds its amino acid to the bottom of the growing chain. Then the ribosome moves to the next codon. Now, this tRNA is in the site, and it is holding the chain of _________

Name: Each time a new tRNA is added to the A site, it adds its amino acid to
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Description: Each time a new tRNA is added to the A site, it adds its amino acid to the bottom of the growing chain. Then the ribosome moves to the next codon. Now, this tRNA is in the ________ site, and it is holding the chain of _________________ on top. When t

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter13: Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4TYU: The genetic code is defined as a series of _______________ in _______________. (a) anticodons; tRNA...

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A certain mRNA strand has the following nucleotide sequence: 5AUGACGUAUAACUUU3 What is the anticodon for each codon? What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide? (Use Figure 13-5 to help answer this question.) Figure 13-5 The genetic code The genetic code specifies all possible combinations of the three bases that compose codons in mRNA. Of the 64 possible codons, 61 specify amino acids (see Figure 3-17 for an explanation of abbreviations). The codon AUG specifies the amino acid methionine and also signals the ribosome to initiate translation (start). Three codonsUAA, UGA, and UAGdo not specify amino acids; they terminate polypeptide synthesis (stop).
What happens when a stop codon is reached by a ribosome? A termination tRNAter binds to the codon and the growing peptide is transferred to it. When the peptidyl-tRNAter reaches the P site, the ribosome dissociates. A separate peptidyl transferase then releases the protein from tRNAter. A termination tRNAter binds to the codon and the growing peptide is transferred to it. When the peptidyl-tRNAter reaches the P site, the ribosome is signaled to release the protein. The ribosome then is likely to dissociate. A release factor binds to the codon and is used to release the growing peptide from the P site tRNA. A termination tRNAter binds to the codon and is used to release the growing peptide from the P site tRNA. The ribosome then is likely to dissociate.
What does the A site on the ribosome do? What does the P site on the ribosome do? What does the E site on the ribosome do? If a tRNA as the anticodon UAC what codon on the mRNA with it binds with? _______ What amino acid with this tRNA bring with it?_________
In the initiation of translation, the process always lines up at the start codon. What is the start codon? _______ What does the initiator tRNA do? The subunits of the ______________ then bind together around the mRNA and initiator tRNA.
Use this mRNA coding sequence as your starting point. This sequence begins with a start codon and ends with a stop codon, so it is only looking at the region of DNA that directly encodes a protein sequence. 5’-AUGCACAAAUUAGAGUACCCCCCAGGAAGGUAG-3’ Make the following mutation in this sequence by changing/adding/removing only one nucleotide. Make the mutation easy to see (a different color, circled, something like that) A frameshift mutation
A mutation in DNA generates a aUGA stop codon in the middle of the mRNA coding for a particular protein. A second mutation in the cell’s DNA leads to a single nucleotide change in a tRNA that allows the correct translation of the protein; that is, the second mutation “suppresses” the defect caused by the first. the altered trNA translates the UGA as tryptophan. What nucleotide change has probably occurred in the mutant tRNA molecule? What consequences would the presence of such a mutant tRNA have for the translation of the normal genes in this cell?
Use this mRNA coding sequence as your starting point. This sequence begins with a start codon and ends with a stop codon, so it is only looking at the region of DNA that directly encodes a protein sequence. 5’-AUGCACAAAUUAGAGUACCCCCCAGGAAGGUAG-3’ Make the following mutation in this sequence by changing/adding/removing only one nucleotide. Make the mutation easy to see (a different color, circled, something like that) A nonsense mutation
Use this mRNA coding sequence as your starting point. This sequence begins with a start codon and ends with a stop codon, so it is only looking at the region of DNA that directly encodes a protein sequence. 5’-AUGCACAAAUUAGAGUACCCCCCAGGAAGGUAG-3’ Make the following mutation in this sequence by changing/adding/removing only one nucleotide. Make the mutation easy to see (a different color, circled, something like that) A missense mutation that is also a transversion
Use this mRNA coding sequence as your starting point. This sequence begins with a start codon and ends with a stop codon, so it is only looking at the region of DNA that directly encodes a protein sequence. 5’-AUGCACAAAUUAGAGUACCCCCCAGGAAGGUAG-3’ Make the following mutation in this sequence by changing/adding/removing only one nucleotide. Make the mutation easy to see (a different color, circled, something like that) 1) A silent mutation that is also a transition
The portion in the tRNA that is complementary with the mRNA when the aminoacyl-tRNA reaches the A site of the ribosome is the ____________. (No points for incorrect spelling)
An anticodon of tRNA has the sequence GCA. What amino acid does this tRNA carry? HINT: you use mRNA codons to read the genetic code chart.
Fill in the blanks of the sentence(s) below. The addition of amino acids to a growing polypeptide chain occurs by a new TRNA with amino acid moving into the site of the ribosome. a ribozyme breaks the growing polypeptide off the TRNA in the the ribosome and adds it to the amino acid on the tRNA in the site of site. The whole ribosome then moves Process continues until a stop codon is reached. Select one: a. P site, peptidyl transferase, A site, P site, one codon down (translocation) b. A site, peptidyl transferase, P site, A site, one codon down (translocation) C. A site, peptidyl transferase, P site, E site, three codon down (translocation) d. A site, amino acyl TRNA synthetase, P site, A site, one codon down (translocation)