Explain specific gravity of a urine sample and how it can be used to determine solute content and thus physiological disorders from a urine sample. 2: given a urinometer determine the specific gravity of a sample.
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1: Explain specific gravity of a urine sample and how it can be used to determine solute content and thus physiological disorders from a urine sample.
2: given a urinometer determine the specific gravity of a sample.
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- 1. List at least 5 urine sediment stains used in urinalysis. Provide their action and function for each stains. 2. Enumerate the clinical significance associated with the different abnormal crystals if present in urine.1. Specify the type of urine container used in routine urinalysis. 2. In a tabulated form, provide the advantages and disadvantages of some preservatives used in urine determination. 3. Give the following changes that may occur if the urine is left unpreseved in a room temperature.99. Which among the following indications is true with regards to the patient's urinalysis result? Color: Reddish-brown Clarity: Hazy Specific gravity: 1.015 pH: 6.0 Leukocytes: Negative Nitrite: Negative Urobilin: Negative Protein: 2+ Blood: 4+ RBC: 0 – 1 Ketone: Negative WBC: 0 – 1 Bilirubin: 4+ EC: 5 - 10 Glucose: 1+ Bacteria: Absent The patient is suffering from a urinary tract infection The patient is suffering from liver damage The patient is at risk of diabetes The patient is at risk of renal failure
- solution. 9. Match the structure with the corresponding feature. Structure Number Feature Kidney 1. Organ that makes urine Renal artery Outer layer of kidney and the location of the renal corpuscles 2. Renal vein 3. Tube that carries urine out of the body from the bladder Urethra 4. Contains the Loop of Henle and collecting ducts Umbilical artery Provides oxygenated blood to the kidney 5. Renal cortex 6. Embryonic vessel that sends blood to the placenta to obtain oxygen and nutrients Medulla 7. Renal pyramids drain here Glomerulus 8. Transports urine to the bladder Bowman's capsule 9. Vessel that exits the renal corpuscle Proximal convoluted tubule 10. Urine collects here prior to going to the bladder Ureter 11. Location where filtration occurs Afferent arteriole 12. A majority of reabsorption occurs here Loop of Henle 13. Location where many diuretic medications work Distal convoluted tubule 14. Returns filtered blood from the kidney to systemic circulation Collecting duct 15. Drains…A urinalysis is a test that examines physical, chemical and microscopic aspects of urine. Examining urinary fluid can reveal much about the functioning of the body, as changes from the normal characteristics or appearance may reflect specific diseases. Currently, commercially-available chemical reagent sticks can be used to detect substances in urine. Of the following, which are substances that reagent sticks can test for? a. Substances produced by the body, and naturally found in urine. b. Substances produced by the body, but not usually present in urine. c. Substances not normally found in the body. d. a. and c. only e. a., b., and c.Atkins or Ammonia? Nitrogen Metabolism and the Urea Cycle by Stephanie Dingwall and Tammy Nguyen Department of Biochemistry University of California, Riverside Part I-The Patient A previously healthy 21-year-old male is admitted to the emergency room of the local hospital after his mother witnessed his sudden loss of consciousness after returning from a workout at the local fitness gym. He was brought in by ambulance and is now conscious but disoriented with slurred speech. He also complains of "feeling off" and "things creeping on his skin." On arrival to triage, his vital signs are as follows: blood pressure 125/70 mm Hg (normal range: below 120/80 mm Hg), pulse rate 80 beats/min (normal range: 60-100 beats/min), and respiratory rate 16 breaths/ min (normal range: 12-16 breaths/min). The patient does not have fever, chills, or sweats. During the examination, the doctor learns that the patient has had intermittent lethargy, nausea, and vomiting over a one-week period. The patient had…
- E 3. Open-ended Q. Explain in your own words whether the following substance would normally be expected to be present in urine: 1) protein 2) glucose Explain your answer Report an issue1)Which of the following is NOT associated with a normal first-void urine finding? = trace protein positive glucose 0.1 urobilinogen pH of 6.0 2)A BUN of 60 mg/dL and a 3.5 mg/dL is consistent with which of the following? congestive heart failure nephrotic syndrome glomerulonephritis pyelonephritis 3)A sensitive test for the early detection of renal disease in diabetic patients is the ________________ test.= urine creatinine blood urea nitrogen urinary microalbumin urine pH = 4)An increased serum osmolality is associated with a decreased glomerular filtration rate. True False = 5)Select the influences below that will cause an elevated blood urea concentration. increased dietary protein decreased renal function increased protein catabolism pregnancyThe first step of a urinalysis procedure, before testing with a reagent stick, is to visually examine the urine for color, clarity and odor. These properties should be considered in addition to a patient’s clinical presentation, fluid intake and urine output. In the case of Sample B, the patient has presented with an overall healthy appearance. The quantity of urine is normal, the clarity of the urine is clear, but the color of the urine is tinged red, the odor is strong, and the patient is alarmed. From the following, select ALL questions which the patient should be asked, to help determine the cause of the color and odor changes. a. menstruation should be ruled out in females b. consumption of beets c. consumption of asparagus d. consumption of strawberries
- 1. After completing hand hygiene, what equipment do you need to process a urinalysis (6 items)? 2. What information should be on the label of the UA cup to ensure errors in patients? 3. What are four different colors of urine and what does that color usually mean? 4. What are three descriptions for the clarity of urine and what does the clarity indicate? 5. Why is it important to check the expiration date of the urine dipsticks / reagent test strips? 6. Why is it important for the dipstick to remain in a horizontal position on a paper towel after being dipped in urine? 7. Why is it important to have a watch to interpret the UA results on the dipstick analysis chart? 8. Where is the used equipment discarded? 9. What is important to chart in the patient's notes? 10. Write a sample charting entry for this UA procedure.. We know In nursing diagnosis: "Risk of fluid volume depreciation as evidenced by nausea, vomiting and decreased fluid ingestion." additional info: The patient stated that the stomachache was painful, and it is like a stinging pain. He also stated his first vomit was the one he ate (bread and coffee) while the next one came out as watery texture. question: What ANALYSIS can be formulated with this nursing diagnosis?.Give typed explanation of all three otherwise leave it Answer the following questions: 1) The client for whom you are caring had the following for breakfast: 4 fluid ounces of milk, 6 fluid ounces of coffee, scrambled eggs, and one piece of toast. The client voided 4 fluid ounces of urine this morning. What is the person's fluid intake in millilitres? What is the person's fluid output in millilitres? 2) You are assisting with a 24-hour urine collection on a client assigned to your care. The client is in the dining room and chooses not to return to his room to collect the specimen; instead he voids in the nearest bathroom. Is it okay to just collect one extra sample and continue the collection? 3.You are caring for a client with Clostridium difficile.What precautions should you follow?