Halley's Comet orbits the sun about every 75 years due to the gravitational force the sun provides. Compare the gravitational force between Halley's Comet and the sun when the comet is at aphelion (its greatest distance from the sun) and d is about 4.5 X 1012 m to the force at perihelion (or closest approach), where d is about 5.0 × 1010 1 m. In Exercise A-1, what is the comet's acceleration a) at aphelion? b) at perihelion? (Ms = 1.99 × 1030 kg) %3D

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Central Force

Central force is the force that acts along the center of mass of one body to the center of mass of another body. Its direction from or away from a point on a body to another is called the center of the force. Such forces include gravitational force between two massive objects or electrostatic forces between two charged particles. So from atoms to planets, the central forces play an important role in shaping our daily lives. One of the remarkable features of central forces is that they are conservative, i.e. the total energy of a central force system can always be expressed as a gradient of a potential energy function.