Illustrate the B-cell maturation process in response to antigen triggering

Q: Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. In clonal selection of B cells, which…

A: B cell expresses receptors ,that are specific to distinct antigen,  is determined before…

Q: Describe the cooperative interactions between antigen-presentingcells, T cells, and B cells.

A: When a positive change done for one component increases the collectively benefits of a group of…

Q: Explain how cytotoxic T cells kill target cells.

A: APCs stands for antigen-presenting cells. They are a large group of a variety of cells that trigger…

Q: Compare and contrast the activities of B cells versus T cells.

A: Introduction: The immune system is involved in protecting the human body from any invading pathogen.…

Q: Describe how B cells produce a great variety of differentantibodies, each specific for a particular…

A: Immunity can be defined as the ability of an organism to fight against infections caused by a…

Q: Define the role of the Thymus in the immune system.

A: The human body is usually defined to state that they are been made up of several different systems.…

Q: Compare and contrast TH and TC cells with respect to antigen recognition and the response to…

A: T cells are an essential component of the immune system as they target foreign invaders or antigens.…

Q: . Diagram the sequences of events in immediate hypersensitivity

A: Immediate hypersensitivity is also termed type I hypersensitivity. It is a type of allergic reaction…

Q: Mention the site in the body where the B-cells and T-cells are formed. Give one difference between…

A: Introduction: The immune system is involved in protecting the human body from any invading pathogen.…

Q: Outline the process of B-cell activation against a T-dependent antigen.

A: B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the small lymphocyte…

Q: Contrast the major targets of antibody-mediated responses

A: Humans a well-developed immune system to fight infections. The immunity possessed by humans can be…

Q: Compare and contrast the response to T-dependent antigens and T-independent antigens.

A: Those antigens that evoked the production of the plasma and memory B cells are known as T dependent…

Q: Describe how secondary B cell responses aredeveloped.

A: Immunology is a part of science that covers the investigation of immune frameworks altogether living…

Q: List and describe the steps of B-cell activation and list the types of B cells produced in this…

A: Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cells(WBCs) or leukocytes and play a major role in protecting…

Q: If an individual failed to develop a thymus because of a genetic defect, what would happen to the…

A: Without the development of a thymus, immune responses mediated by antibodies and cytotoxic T cells…

Q: Describe what is assembled on the surface of pre-B cells.

A: Pre B cells are cells in the bone marrow that are progenators of the B cells that are a part of the…

Q: Explain the function of phagocytes and natural killer cells.

A: Step 1 Innate immunity is a natural genotype-based system of defence elements with which an…

Q: Describe the relationship between T cell activation and Antigen Presenting Cell.

A: A T cell is a type of lymphocyte, which develops in the thymus gland (hence the name) and plays a…

Q: Contrast the extracellular and intracellular phases of immune responses to viruses, discussing the…

A: Ans: The extracellular and intracellular are the two phases of the immune response against bacteria…

Q: Contrast the primary and secondary response to antigens.

A: The immune system provides defence against invading pathogens. It is a complex network of cells,…

Q: Describe a mechanism by which an antigen can enter the lymph node and make contact with the B-cell…

A: The response of B-cell includes two events that take place in different regions and at different…

Q: Describe how T cells are stimulated by antigens and compare to how B cells are activated

A: Antigens: Antigens are defined as the foreign infectious or harmful proteinaceous or any other…

Q: Explain the process of B cell clonal selection (remember to mention the cells originated in this…

A: Immune cells are the defense cells that protect the body from infective agents. The cells of the…

Q: Describe how antibodies are formed in T-independent antigens

A: Antigens are divided into two types named thymus-dependent antigens that require direct contact with…

Q: Determine the features of antibodies that make them particularly suited for forming complexes with…

A: The human body has about 37 trillion cells in total, although a significant portion of them are…

Q: An epitope associates with which part of an antigen receptor?

A:

Q: A. Describe an immunoassay (and the steps involved) in which you could detect the presence of a…

A: Immunoassay is a biochemical test that is used to detect the presence and/or concentration of an…

Q: Enlist point in tabular form: What is the difference between Active and passive immunity.

A: Active immunity and passive immunity are two types of adaptive immunity. A prominent difference…

Q: Explain how the secondary response to an antigen isfaster and greater than the primary response.

A: Immune response is a function of a human body which work as a body gaurd or a protector to the body.…

Q: Explain the cross-presentation of exogenous antigen.

A: EXOGENOUS ANTIGEN- Antigens that enter the body from the outside, such as bacteria, fungi,…

Q: explain antigen-antibody complexs that is formed and how these were visible

A: An antigen is an agent that provokes the immune response in the host. The antigen is categorized…

Q: describe the process of B-cell activation after a pathogen was recognized and bound to the B-cell…

A: B cell is commonly known as B lymphocytes is a category of white blood cells. B cell function in the…

Q: Explain the difference between an epitope and an antigen.

A: Introduction  Immunity is the capability of our body to fight against the diseases. This is done by…

Q: Give the sequence of events from the time the B-cell encounters the antigen to actual antibody…

A: Immunity is the ability of the body to fight against foreign antigen in order to prevent any…

Q: Predict which antigens will be most susceptible to antibody action

A: Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are giant Y-shaped proteins that help the immune system…

Q: Contrast the general functions of the different antibody classes.

A: Antibody also known as immunoglobulins are Y shaped molecules that forms the major part of the…

Q: Discuss the difference between the primary response and the secondary response to antigen exposure.

A: The immune system's ability to recognise and respond to previously encountered antigens is referred…

Q: Describe the actions of an antigen-presenting cell.

A: Antigens are foreign elements that stimulate the production of antibodies by activation of the…

Q: Describe the process by which a B cell possessing a particular antigen receptor is expanded into a…

A: In immunology, the B cells are the antibody producing cell which is a part of the lymphocytes. The…

Q: In response to alerting cell activation, the B cell covers pathogens with ______________ to make…

A: In this question asked about immunity.  Detailed solution in step 2.

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.